The millipede Brachydesmus superus Latzel, Polydesmus inconstans Latzel (Diplopoda: Polydesmida) and Kryphioiulus occultus C. L. Koch (Diplopoda: Julida) were collected from compost in gardens in Lublin, eastern Poland. Collections were made by using pitfall traps between April - September 2009 and 2010. Brachydesmus superus, Polydesmus inconstans and Kryphioiulus occultus play a significant ro...

Background:
 Citrobacter freundii is an infrequent hospital acquired pathogen to cause different types of disease in clinical settings. This associated with wide range infections causing unpredictably high mortality rate 30-60%. Separation this health care settings escalating and multidrug resistant strains are emerging. Therefore, study aimed detect antimicrobial resistance pattern virule...

Plasmid pTKH11, originally obtained by electroporation of a Klebsiella oxytoca plasmid preparation into Escherichia coli XAC, expressed a high level of an AmpC-like b-lactamase. The enzyme, designated CMY-5, conferred resistance to extended-spectrum b-lactams in E. coli; nevertheless, the phenotype was cryptic in the K. oxytoca donor. Determination of the complete nucleotide sequence of pTKH11 ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Citrobacter freundii is an opportunistic pathogen causing nosocomial infections and resistant to various antibiotics. We aimed to determine the clonal relationship of C. freundii isolates using Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE). MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty clinical isolates of C. freundii were collected from the main hospital in Kermanshah. After antibiotic sus...

The species of total coliform bacteria isolated from drinking water and untreated surface water by the membrane filter (MF), the standard most-probable-number (S-MPN), and modified most-probable-number (M-MPN) techniques were compared. Each coliform detection technique selected for a different profile of coliform species from both types of water samples. The MF technique indicated that Citrobac...

The bio operons of Citrobacter freundii and Escherichia coli K-12 (strain C600) were isolated by screening lambda banks for complementation of E. coli bio mutants. These were compared with the previously isolated bio operon of Salmonella typhimurium and previous data on E. coli K-12. The restriction maps of the operon are very different in the three species, but no difference in gene order was ...

In the present study various extracts of Cyperus esculentus L. such as acetone, 50% ethanol, chloroform and petroleum ether were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against several human pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella sp, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Citrobacter freundii, by using disc diffusion method. The act...

Salmonella species are generally considered to be unable to ferment lactose and sucrose according to Bergey's Manual. Recently, however, J. M. Bulmash, McD. Fulton, and J. Jiron (J. Bacteriol. 89:259, 1965) and L. J. Kunz and W. H. Ewing (J. Bacteriol. 89:1629, 1965) have reported two separate species of Salmonella capable of fermenting lactose and sucrose. The organism reported here again illu...