Maxillary hypoplasia is a frequently observed secondary deformity in individuals born with cleft lip and palate. The impairment of maxillary growth coupled with extensive postoperative scarring as a result of multiple previous surgeries brings about maxillary deficiency in all planes viz vertical, horizontal and transverse. The resulting class III skeletal malocclusion together with maxillary h...

BACKGROUND This article reports on the bilateral lip mucosa flaps (BLMFs) for reconstruction of the vermilion tubercle of the corrected cleft lip deformity. METHODS From 2005 to 2013, the bilateral mucosa flaps procedures were performed on 34 secondary cleft lip patients (bilateral, n = 25; unilateral, n = 9). We retrospectively reviewed the pre-, intra-, and postoperative data of these 34 ca...

This prospective cross-sectional, case-controlled morphometric study assessed three dimensional (3D) facial morphological differences between average faces of 103 children aged 8-12 years; 40 with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), 23 with unilateral cleft lip and alveolus (UCLA), 19 with bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP), 21 with isolated cleft palate (ICP), and 80 gender and age-matc...

Background: Cleft Lip and Palate (CLP) are hereditary deformity of craniofacial structure. Temporomandibular disorder has number clinical problems affecting muscles mastication its associated structures. There several methods used to evaluate temporomandibular dysfunction (MRI, etc), Helkimo index is a settler in advancing indices, other indices CMI, MFIQ, FONSECA. The design the following stud...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to compare the severity of unilateral cleft lips in populations of Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Northern Africa and the Middle East. We hypothesize that severity of unilateral cleft lips shows significant variation between these populations. METHODS Medical photographs of 780 patients with primary unilateral cleft lips treated by Operat...