The Role of Surgery Current standard practice in Europe and North America advocates feminising genital surgery for all children with ambiguous genitalia assigned to a female sex of rearing. A standard infant feminising genitoplasty involves removal of some of the clitoris to reduce its size, construction of a vagina or opening the vaginal introitus and sometimes refashioning of the labia. In so...

Introduction The megameatus intact prepuce (MIP) variant of hypospadias is a rare variant of hypospadias that is diagnosed either early at the time of circumcision or later as the foreskin is retracted. The true incidence of the anomaly is difficult to determine precisely as some patient never come to medical attention but is felt to under 5% of all cases of hypospadias. The purposes of this st...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES To evaluate the safety, tolerability, and clinical efficacy of transcutaneous temperature controlled radiofrequency (TTCRF) on vulvovaginal tissue for orgasmic dysfunction. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS Subjects included 25 sexually active women, ages 21-65, with self-reported difficulty in achieving orgasms during sex (anorgasmic or slow-to-orgasm). Each patien...

Androgen control of penis development/growth is unclear. In rats, androgen action in a foetal 'masculinisation programming window' (MPW; e15.5-e18.5)' predetermines penile length and hypospadias occurrence. This has implications for humans (e.g. micropenis). Our studies aimed to establish in rats when androgen action/administration affects development/growth of the penis and if deficits in MPW ...

Clitoromegaly is a clinical manifestation of various local and systemic conditions in all species. The external genitalia are a very rare site of primary or metastatic lymphoma in canines, with only one previously-reported case in a dog and only sparse reports in the medical literature. Lymphoma is also very rare in dogs less than four years of age. This account reports on a T-cell multicentric...

INTRODUCTION This review studies rationale and outcome of vulvovaginal aesthetic surgery. AIM Discuss procedures designed to alter genital appearance and function; investigate sexual, philosophical, and ethical issues; examine outcomes. METHODS (i) Medline search of the existing literature utilizing terms labiaplasty, clitoral hood reduction, hymenoplasty (HP), vaginoplasty (VP), perineopla...