In [8] a new model validation method was proposed that is based on the estimation of an unbiased model of the model error which relates the inputs to the simulation errors. In this paper, we extend this methodology to closed-loop validation, i.e. the validation of an open-loop model on the basis of closed-loop validation data. We show that, perhaps surprisingly, the same model may fail to be va...

BACKGROUND The CONCERT-CL closed-loop infusion system designed by VERYARK Technology Co., Ltd. (Guangxi, China) is an innovation using TCI combined with closed-loop controlled intravenous anesthesia under the guide of BIS. In this study we performed a randomized, controlled, multicenter study to compare closed-loop control and open-loop control of propofol by using the CONCERT-CL closed-loop in...

Steve M. Potter*, Ahmed El Hady and Eberhard E. Fetz 1 Laboratory for Neuroengineering, Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA 2 Department of Non Linear Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self Organization, Goettingen, Germany 3 Departments of Physiology and Biophysics and Bioengineering, Washington National Primate Research...

One of the fundamental weaknesses of current computer vision systems used in outdoor applications is their inability to adapt the segmentation process as real-world changes occur in the image. We present a closed loop image segmentation system that incorporates a genetic algorithm to adapt the segmentation process to changes in image characteristics caused by variable environmental conditions. ...

3 Classical closed-loop control 8 3.1 PID feedback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.2 Transfer functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.3 Closed-loop stability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 3.4 Gain and phase margins and robustness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 3.5 Sensitivity function and fundamental...

The closed-loop stability issue of finite-precision realizations is investigated for digital controllers implemented in floating-point arithmetic. Unlike the existing methods which only address the effect of the mantissa bits in floating-point implementation to the sensitivity of closed-loop stability, the sensitivity of closed-loop stability is analyzed with respect to both the mantissa and ex...

Nowadays, more and more researchers pay attention to phased array antennas, which play an important role in the fields of radio frequency identification (RFID), radar, and wireless communications because of their wonderful characteristics of beam forming. In order to maintain good performance in phase shift and feasibility, many techniques have been applied. Such as an electronic phase control ...

Multiple extracellular microelectrodes (multi-electrode arrays, or MEAs) effectively record rapidly varying neural signals, and can also be used for electrical stimulation. Multi-electrode recording can serve as artificial output (efferents) from a neural system, while complex spatially and temporally targeted stimulation can serve as artificial input (afferents) to the neuronal network. Multi-...

Closed-loop video rendering implies generating video streams in compressed form given as input video streams that are in compressed form such as JPEG or MPEG bit streams. Closed-loop video rendering has signi cant advantages over open-loop schemes including reduced storage requirements which in turn reduces memorydisk swapping time that constitutes a large portion of the time spent in the deskt...

We present CLSE, a closed-loop symbolic execution engine for control system implementations. CLSE takes as input the description of a physical plant represented by a system of linear ordinary differential equations, the software implementation and execution frequency for a discrete-time controller that senses and actuates the plant, and a time horizon, and symbolically executes the closed-loop ...