Using the combined resolving power of the Hubble Space Telescope and gravitational lensing, we resolve starforming structures in a ~ z 2.5 galaxy on scales much smaller than the usual kiloparsec diffraction limit of HST. SGASJ111020.0+645950.8 is a clumpy, star-forming galaxy lensed by the galaxy cluster SDSSJ1110+6459 at = z 0.659, with a total magnification ~ ́ 30 across the entire arc. We ...

Following an approach by Paczy´nski & Stanek we compare red clump stars with parallaxes known to better than 10% in the Hipparcos catalog with the red clump stars observed in three fields in M31 using the HST. There are ∼ 600 and ∼ 6, 300 such stars in the two data sets, respectively. The local red clump luminosity function is well represented by a Gaussian with the peak at M I,m = −0.23, and t...

To investigate the effects of massive star evolution on surrounding molecules, we select 9 clumps previously observed with Atacama Pathfinder Experiment (APEX) telescope and Submillimeter Array (SMA) telescope. Based observations APEX, obtain luminosity to mass ratio L$_{\rm clump}$/M$_{\rm clump}$ that range from 10 154 L$_{\sun}$/M$_{\sun}$, where some them embedded Ultra Compact (UC) H\,{\fo...

The red clump stars in the open cluster NGC 752 present a peculiar distribution in the colour-magnitude diagram (CMD): the clump is observed to present a faint extension, slightly to the blue of the main concentration of clump stars. We point out that a similar structure is present in the CMD of NGC 7789, and discuss their possible origins. This feature may be understood as the result of having...

The evolution of substructure embedded in non-dissipative dark halos is studied through N-body simulations of isolated systems, both in and out of initial equilibrium, complementing cosmological simulations of the growth of structure. We determine by both analytic calculations and direct analysis of the N-body simulations the relative importance of various dynamical processes acting on the clum...

We present spatially resolved ALMA [CII] observations of the bright (flux density S350 =400 mJy at 350 μm), gravitationally lensed, starburst galaxy PLCK G045.1+61.1 at z = 3.427, the “Garnet”. This source is part of our set of “Planck’s Dusty GEMS”, discovered with the Planck’s all-sky survey. Two emission-line clouds with a relative velocity offset of ∼ 600 km s−1 extend towards north-east an...

I demonstrate that the two unexpected results in the local universe-(1) anomalous intrinsic (V-I&parr0;0 colors of the clump giants and RR Lyrae stars in the Galactic center, and (2) very short distances to the Magellanic Clouds (LMC, SMC) as inferred from clump giants-are connected with each other. The (V-I&parr0;0 anomaly is partially resolved by using the photometry from phase II of the Opti...

Some fine structures can nowadays be identified in the high-quality colour-magnitude diagrams (CMD) of Local Group galaxies. The clump of red giants, for instance, may present a significant colour spread, and extensions to both brighter and fainter luminosities. Such features are predicted by population synthesis models which consider stars in the complete relevant ranges of ages and metallicit...

The recent suggestion by Zhao (1996) that the microlensing events observed towards the Large Magellanic Cloud are due to an intervening Sgr-like dwarf galaxy is examined. A search for foreground RR Lyrae in the MACHO photometry database yields 20 stars whose distance distribution follow the expected halo density profile. Cepheid and red giant branch clump stars in the MACHO database are consist...

We numerically investigate dynamical evolution of a merger between a central massive black hole (MBH) and a gas clump with the mass of 10 − 10 M⊙ in the central tens pc of a galactic bulge. We found that strong tidal gravitational field of the MBH transforms the initial spherical clump into a moderately thick gaseous disk (or torus) around the MBH. The developed disk is also found to show rotat...