Efficient management of energy resources is a challenging research area in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Recent studies have revealed that clustering is an efficient topology control approach for organizing a network into a connected hierarchy which balances the traffic load of the sensor nodes and improves the overall scalability and the lifetime of WSNs. Inspired by the advantages of clust...

Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) is one of the most popular distributed cluster-based routing protocols in wireless sensor networks. Clustering algorithm of the LEACH is simple but offers no guarantee about even distribution of cluster heads over the network. And it assumes that each cluster head transmits data to sink over a single hop. In this paper, we propose a new method fo...

Minimizing energy dissipation and maximizing network lifetime are among the central concerns when designing applications and protocols for sensor networks. Clustering has been proven to be energy-efficient in sensor networks since data routing and relaying are only operated by cluster heads. Besides, cluster heads can process, filter and aggregate data sent by cluster members, thus reducing net...

The proliferation of flying ad hoc networks (FANETs) enables multiple applications in various scenarios. In order to construct and maintain an effective hierarchical structure FANETs where mobile nodes proceed at high mobility, we propose a novel FANET clustering algorithm by using the Kalman-filter-predicted location velocity information. First, use Silhouette coefficient determine number clus...

The efficiency of wireless sensor network is highly based on the algorithm complexity of the communication protocol which must minimize the energy dissipated by the sensor nodes. In order to pursue energy consumption minimization, this paper presents Weighted Route Selection (WeRoS) in Cluster-Based method, which uses multihop communication for data forwarding from cluster-head (CH) to the base...

Many protocols such as clustering are proposed to minimize and balance energy consumption of the network because WSN (wireless sensor network) is energy-limited. In clustering protocols, CHs (cluster head) consume much more energy than its CMs (cluster member) which leads to the faster death of CHs. Many traditional protocols are designed to solve the problem, but they have some drawbacks respe...

Energy constraint is the biggest challenge in wireless sensor networks because the power supply of each sensor node is a battery that is not rechargeable or replaceable due to the applications of these networks. One of the successful methods for saving energy in these networks is clustering. It has caused that cluster-based routing algorithms are successful routing algorithm for these networks....

An experiment was conducted, from 22 to 42-d-post-hatch, to evaluate the effect of different combinations of carbohydrases (CHS), citric acid (CA) and high-dose phytase in wheat-canola meal-based diets with very low content of non-phytate phosphorus (NPP) on growth performance, plasma calcium (Ca) and P and tibia ash (TA) content of broiler chickens. One hundred and ninety two 21-d-old male chi...

Clustering provides an effective way for prolong5 ing the lifetime of a wireless sensor network. Current clus6 tering algorithms usually utilize two techniques, selecting 7 cluster heads with more residual energy and rotating clus8 ter heads periodically, to distribute the energy consumption 9 among nodes in each cluster and extend the network lifetime. 10 However, they rarely consider the hot ...

Network lifetime improvement and uncertainty in multiple systems are the issues of wireless sensor network routing. This paper presents fuzzy based particle swarm optimization routing technique to improve the network scalability. Significantly, in the cluster formation procedure, fuzzy based system is used to solve the uncertainty and network balancing. Cluster heads play an important role to r...