BACKGROUND The effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in patients with mildly symptomatic heart failure have not been fully elucidated. METHODS AND RESULTS The Multicenter InSync ICD Randomized Clinical Evaluation II (MIRACLE ICD II) was a randomized, double-blind, parallel-controlled clinical trial of CRT in NYHA class II heart failure patients on optimal medical therapy with a l...

In order to identify intermediates of CCl4 metabolism, whole, suitably fortified rat liver homogenates were incubated with 14CCl4 in the presence and absence of "pools" of unlabeled suspected intermediates. In the presence of NADH or NADPH, incorporation of radioactivity was rapid and substantial in CO2, lipid, protein, and the acid-soluble fraction. It was not influenced by the presence of lar...

Field measurements of ammonia (NH3), nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) were made from raw pig slurry storage, from different biological aerobic treatments and from stores holding the treated products. Biological treatments consisted of intermittent aeration by (i) submerged ejector aerator, (ii) surface aerator and (iii) fine-bubble diffuser. Emissions were measured fr...

The biological carbon pump, which transports particulate organic carbon (POC) from the surface to the deep ocean, plays an important role in regulating atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations. We know very little about geographical variability in the remineralization depth of this sinking material and less about what controls such variability. Here we present previously unpublished prof...

To investigate the contribution of the peripheral chemoreceptors to the susceptibility to posthyperventilation apnea, we evaluated the time course and magnitude of hypocapnia required to produce apnea at different levels of peripheral chemoreceptor activation produced by exposure to three levels of inspired P(O2). We measured the apneic threshold and the apnea latency in nine normal sleeping su...

Cell lysates of acetate-grown Methanosarcina barkeri 227 were found to cleave acetate to CH4 and CO2. The aceticlastic reaction was identified by using radioactive methyl-labeled acetate. Cell lysates decarboxylated acetate in a nitrogen atmosphere, conserving the methyl group in methane. The rate of methanogenesis from acetate in the cell lysates was comparable to that observed with whole cell...

Infrared laser evaporation of single aerosol particles in a vacuum followed by vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) laser ionization and time-of-flight mass spectroscopy of the resulting vapor provides a depth profile of the particle's composition. Analyzing glycerol particles coated with 60-150-nm coatings of oleic acid using either a CO2 laser or a tunable optical parametric oscillator as an evaporation ...

Drought down-regulates above- and belowground carbon fluxes, however, the resilience of trees to drought will also depend on the speed and magnitude of recovery of these above- and belowground fluxes after re-wetting. Carbon isotope composition of above- and belowground carbon fluxes at natural abundance provides a methodological approach to study the coupling between photosynthesis and soil re...

Although it is widely acknowledged that rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations will increase crop root growth, no study has considered how this response could be influenced by agricultural management practices. Therefore, we examined the influence of elevated atmospheric CO2 (ambient + 360 mmol mol ) on root dynamics of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) produced under conventional (tillage following win...

The fluorescence quantum yield for ultraviolet laser-induced fluorescence of CO2 is determined for selected excitation wavelengths in the range 215–250 nm. Wavelength-resolved laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectra of CO2, NO, and O2 are measured in the burned gases of a laminar CH4/air flame (φ = 0.9 and 1.1) at 20 bar with additional NO seeded into the flow. The fluorescence spectra are fit...