The mechanisms of cadmium, cobalt and zinc resistance were characterized in the plant-growth-promoting bacterium Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus PAl 5. The resistance level of the wild-type strain was evaluated through the establishment of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the soluble compounds CdCl2·H2O, CoCl2·6H2O and ZnCl2. Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus PAl 5 was resistant to hi...

BACKGROUND/AIM Among various kidney disease models, there are few rat glomerulonephritis (GN) models that develop in a short time, and with mainly glomerular lesions. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha is a transcriptional factor that induces genes supporting cell survival, but the involvement of HIF-1alpha in attenuating the progression of GN remains to be elucidated. We developed a new mod...

Hypoxia plays a key role in tumour initiation and metastasis; one of the mechanisms is to induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is involved in EMT by regulating the transcriptional regulators of E-cadherin, the biomarker of EMT. Until now, however, few studies have focused on the effects of STAT3 in hypoxia-induced EMT in tumo...

Vascular injury after chronic hypoxia leads to endothelial injury and structural damage to tight junctions (TJs), thereby resulting in a variety of cardiovascular diseases. Thus, attenuating hypoxia-induced damage has great significance for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the endothelial protection conferred by tongxinluo ...

Cardiomyogenesis in differentiating mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells is promoted by cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1), a member of the IL-6 interleukin superfamily that acts through the tall gp130 cytokine receptor. We show that prooxidants (menadione, hydrogen peroxide) as well as chemical (CoCl2) and physiological (1% O2) hypoxia increased CT-1 as well as HIF-1alpha protein and mRNA expression in embryoi...

A new family of bis(N-arylcarboximidoylchloride)pyridine cobalt(II) complexes with the general formula [2,6-(ArN=CCl)2C5H3N]CoCl2 (Ar = 2,4,6-Me3C6H2, 4a; 2,6-(i)Pr2C6H3, 4b; 2,6-Me2C6H3, 4c; C6H5, 4d; 4-Cl-2,6-Me2C6H2, 4e) and a typical Brookhart-Gibson-type reference complex [2,6-(2,4,6-Me3C6H2N=CMe)2C5H3N]CoCl2 (5a) were synthesized and characterized. Determined by X-ray crystallographic ana...

Various aryl bromides or chlorides, including those bearing a free COOH, OH, CONHR, and SO2NHR group, coupled with aryl magnesium or lithium reagents in the presence of 7.5 mol % CoCl2/15 mol % PBu3 and substoichiometric Ti(OEt)4 (40 mol % to ArM) at room temperature in high yields with high chemo- and regioslectivity. This simple reaction represents the first example of Co/Ti cooperative catal...

Development of CCC-NHC pincer Co complexes via transmetalation from Zr is reported. Formation of these air-stable Co(iii) complexes was achieved through use of a CoCl2 or Co(acac)3in situ or with a discrete CCC-NHC pincer Zr transmetallating agent. Preliminary activity in the hydroboration of styrene is reported. This facile methodology will further the development of CCC-NHC pincer first-row t...

Case presentation A 70-years old healthy male patient presented in our clinic with a recurrent swelling, redness and limitation of movement of his right knee. Clinical examination and laboratory findings showed no evidence of bacterial infection of the joint. The patient had no other complaints. According to the clinical history the patient received titanium prosthesis of the right knee in 2009...