In this paper we report the first comparative study of cold-adapted imidase (EC 3.5.2.2) from the fish (Oreochromis niloticus) liver and its thermophilic counterparts taken from pig liver and Escherichia coli (overexpressed recombinant hydantoinase from Agrobacterium radiobacter NRRL B1). Approximately 6000-fold purification and a 40% yield of fish imidase activity were obtained through ammoniu...

There is an increasing demand for cold-adapted enzymes in a wide range of industrial branches. Nevertheless, structural information about them is still scarce. The knowledge of crystal structures is important to understand their mode of action and to design genetically engineered enzymes with enhanced activity. The most difficult task and the limiting step in structural studies of cold-adapted ...

The continued spread of the newly emerged H7N9 viruses among poultry in China, together with the emergence of drug-resistant variants and the possibility of human-to-human transmission, has spurred attempts to develop an effective vaccine. An MF59-adjuvant H7N9 inactivated vaccine is reported to be well-tolerated and immunogenic in humans; however a study in ferrets indicated that while a singl...

An investigational live influenza virus vaccine, FluMist, contains three cold-adapted H1N1, H3N2, and B influenza viruses. The vaccine viruses are 6/2 reassortants, in which the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes are derived from the circulating wild-type viruses and the remaining six genes are derived from the cold-adapted master donor strains. The six genes from the cold-adapted ...

The ability of psychrophiles to survive and proliferate at low temperatures implies that they have overcome key barriers inherent to permanently cold environments. These challenges include: reduced enzyme activity; decreased membrane fluidity; altered transport of nutrients and waste products; decreased rates of transcription, translation and cell division; protein cold-denaturation; inappropri...

to study the effect of planting dates and genistein application on nitrogen content and nodulation of three annual medic species (medicago polymorpha cv. santiago m. rigidula cv. ragidula, and m. radiata cv. radiata), an experiment was conducted during 2005-2006 in the research farm of faculty of agriculture, shahed university, tehran. the treatments were arranged as split split plot in a rando...

Shailaja Kasibhatla, Gustavo P. Amarante-Mendes, Deborah Finucane, Thomas Brunner, Ella Bossy-Wetzel and Douglas R. Green This protocol was adapted from “Apoptosis Assays,” Chapter 15, in Cells (eds. Spector et al.). Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA, 1998. This three-volume set is now out of print; however, some of the microscopy methods were republished in Basic...

Vernalization, the cold-induced acceleration of flowering, involves the epigenetic silencing of the floral repressor gene FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC). We investigated the molecular basis for variation in vernalization in Arabidopsis natural accessions adapted to different climates. A major variable was the degree to which different periods of cold caused stable FLC silencing. In accessions requirin...