This study quantifies the effects of stressful weather and elevated air pollution levels on cause-specific mortality in Santiago, Chile, during the austral winters from 1988 to 1996. A temporal synoptic index (TSI) is used to form weather classes and air pollution classes. Prior applications of the TSI have formed classes solely on the basis of weather and may have systematically underestimated...

Portland cement pervious concrete (PCPC) is increasingly being used in the United States in sidewalks and parking lots due to its benefits in reducing the amount of runoff water and improving water quality. In the United States, PCPC typically has high porosity and low strength, which has resulted in limited use of pervious concrete in hard wet freeze environments (i.e., the Midwest and Northea...

nowadays, a lot of frost damage is inflicted upon vineyards because of changing weather conditions as well as introducing new of cultivars and genotypes from different geographical regions. on the other hand, the prevalence of a wide variety of grapes in iran, the provides possibility of selection of superior and cold tolerant varieties (or single plants) which is proposed a strong hypothetical...

OBJECTIVES In this study a prototype of a new health forecasting alert system is developed, which is aligned to the approach used in the Met Office's (MO) National Severe Weather Warning Service (NSWWS). This is in order to improve information available to responders in the health and social care system by linking temperatures more directly to risks of mortality, and developing a system more co...

Because of the differences between indoor and outdoor thermal condition, preparing some outdoor thermal indices is a way to understand and categorize the outdoor thermal sensation. The aim of these indices is not to provide thermal comfort - as it is the aim of indoor indices. Instead, they are provided to analyze outdoor thermal sensation to help architects, landscape architects and urban desi...

OBJECTIVE To test a priori hypothesis of an association between season-specific cold spells and sudden cardiac death (SCD). METHODS We conducted a case-crossover study of 3614 autopsy-verified cases of SCD in the Province of Oulu, Finland (1998-2011). Cold spell was statistically defined by applying an individual frequency distribution of daily temperatures at the home address during the haza...

OBJECTIVE To investigate effects of cold weather spells on incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and potential effect modification of socio-demographic, clinical, behavioural and environmental exposures. METHODS Data from two prospective studies were analysed: the British Regional Heart Study (BRHS), a population-based study of British men aged 60-79years, followed for CVD incidence from...

The fable is about a young man who spends all his money on gambling and luxurious living until he has only a cloak to keep off the weather. Seeing an unusually early swallow fly by, the man concludes that spring has come and sells his cloak so as to use the proceeds to mend his fortune with a last bet. Not only does he lose his money but cold weather closes in again. Finding the swallow frozen ...