BACKGROUND Acinetobacter baumannii has been associated with high morbidity and mortality rates, even in pediatric patients. Therapeutic options are limited, especially when the strain is multidrug resistant. METHODS Clinical and microbiological analyses of 4 cases of systemic infections caused by multi drug resistant A. baumannii treated with colistin/vancomycin combination at a Pediatric Int...

BACKGROUND Reports of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with high antimicrobial resistance have steadily emerged, threatening the utility of a mainstay in antipseudomonal therapy. This study evaluated the antimicrobial activities of various combination therapies against P. aeruginosa with high antimicrobial resistance, including multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa (MDRP) using an in vitro and in vivo study....

In vitro evaluation of colistin susceptibility is fraught with complications, due in part to the inherent cationic properties of colistin. In addition, no reference method has been defined against which to compare the results of colistin susceptibility testing. This study systematically evaluated the available methods for colistin MIC testing in two phases. In phase I, colistin MICs were determ...

Colistin, the most widely used polymyxin antibiotic, was originally introduced in the late 1950s before the establishment of the present-day drug approval process. Originally shelved due to toxicity concerns, colistin, in the form of its inactive prodrug colistin methanesulfonate, has undergone a renaissance in the past 15 years. Unfortunately, this is not because of an improved adverse-effect ...

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE To investigate the in vitro and in vivo activity of imipenem-colistin combination against multidrug-resistant Enterobacter cloacae infections in order to determine whether it should be explored further. METHODS The antimicrobial activity of colistin alone and in combination with imipenem was assessed versus an imipenem-susceptible isolate, E. cloacae GN1059, or an imipenem-...

OBJECTIVES Colistin remains a last-line treatment for MDR Acinetobacter baumannii and combined use of colistin and carbapenems has shown synergistic effects against MDR strains. In order to understand the bacterial responses to these antibiotics, we analysed the transcriptome of A. baumannii following exposure to each. METHODS RNA sequencing was employed to determine changes in the transcript...

Drug resistance and tolerance greatly diminish the therapeutic potential of antibiotics against pathogens. Antibiotic tolerance by bacterial biofilms often leads to persistent infections, but its mechanisms are unclear. Here we use a proteomics approach, pulsed stable isotope labelling with amino acids (pulsed-SILAC), to quantify newly expressed proteins in colistin-tolerant subpopulations of P...

Colistin is one of the last-resort therapeutic agents to combat multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) including Klebsiella pneumoniae. Although it happens rarely, resistance to colistin has been reported for several GNB. A total of 20 colistin resistant (col-R) and three colistin susceptible (col-S) clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae were studied to explore the underlying mechanisms ...

Colistin is used to treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB). It is administered intravenously in the form of colistin methanesulfonate (CMS), which is hydrolyzed in vivo to the active drug. However, pharmacokinetic data are limited. The aim of the present study was to characterize the pharmacokinetics of CMS and colistin in a population of critically ill ...

BACKGROUND Colistin is a last-line defense therapy against extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (XDR-AB). Despite a loading dose of colistin being applied in many clinical practices, studies evaluating the effect of the loading dose of colistin in cancer patients remain limited. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective cohort study of cancer patients who received either a loading or...