Background: Spinal anaesthesia is the most commonly employed anaesthetic technique for infraumbilical surgeries. Post spinal hypotension a encountered complication which can lead to organ under perfusion and ischemia. Severe episodes of intraoperative have been proposed as an independent risk factorin development postoperative adverse outcomes prolonged hospital stay. However, there are no reli...

We have shown that snoring fundamental frequency (F0) contours have an oscillating pattern in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) as compared to the relatively smoother pattern in simple snorers. This points to the underlying upper airway instability and collapsibility in OSA. The 2 patterns were classified by 75% accuracy.

BACKGROUND The inferior vena cava (IVC) parameters, including its diameter and collapsibility index have been evaluated for fluid status for over 30 years, but little is known about the impacts of patient characteristics on IVC parameters. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between individual patient characteristics and IVC parameters in healthy Chinese adult volunteers....

Communications to the Editor made of an obstetric patient in this article. As an intensivist who also, coincidentally, happens to deliver pregnant patients, as well as having a strong interest in the care of the obstetrically ill critically ill patient, I would be willing to develop a registry of obstetric patients who develop a critical illness. Included in the data would be the category of cr...

Anesthesia and sleep both predispose to upper airway obstruction through state-induced reductions in pharyngeal dilator muscle activation and lung volume. The tendencies are related in patients with obstructive sleep apnea commonly presenting with difficulties in airway management in the perioperative period. This is a period of great potential vulnerability for such patients because of comprom...

Association between two variables may be reversed by marginalizing over another possibly unobserved background. This reversal is called the Yule-Simpson paradox (Yule, 1903; Simpson, 1951). To avoid the reversal, many authors discussed collapsibility of association measures over a background (Wermuth, 1987; Geng, 1992; Cox and Wermuth, 2003). Causal effects and relationships among variables may...

Increasing lung volume increases upper airway patency and decreases airway resistance and collapsibility. The role of diaphragm contraction in producing these changes remains unclear. This study was undertaken to determine the effect of selective diaphragm contraction, induced by phrenic nerve stimulation, on upper airway collapsibility and the extent to which any observed change was attributab...

BACKGROUND/AIM The mechanism of edema formation in nephrotic syndrome is still poorly understood. We aimed to evaluate the volume status in children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) and to emphasize the importance of echocardiography in demonstrating of volume changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two SSNS patients and 30 healthy children were enrolled in this study. The volum...

In this article, we study the quantified constraint satisfaction problem (QCSP) over infinite domains. We develop a technique called collapsibility that allows one to give strong complexity upper bounds on the QCSP. This technique makes use of both logical and universalalgebraic ideas. We give applications illustrating the use of our technique.

A case of isolated dilation of inferior vena cava with diminished inspiratory collapse is reported. There was no other abnormality. Diameter and collapsibility of IVC should be interpreted in collaboration with other clinical and echocardiographic parameters before drawing any definative conclusion.