Hangover is the most commonly reported negative consequence of heavy alcohol consumption. A large variety of symptoms have been reported the day after heavy drinking, which together are called the alcohol hangover. Frequently reported hangover symptoms include thirst, headache, drowsiness, and reduced alertness [1]. Although hangover is a common phenomenon in society and has serious socioeconom...

Alcohol hangover is characterized by adverse physical and mental effects that occur the next morning after the intake of toxic doses of alcohol. One of the more relevant functional consequences of hangover is the cognitive and subjective impairment, which could be related to the high socioeconomic costs of alcohol consumption. Nevertheless, few studies have addressed the study of neurocognitive...

We would like to thank you for your time in reviewing this paper. Your thoughtful questions, comments and suggestions for the manuscript have been greatly appreciated. We have now responded to the comments and addressed suggestions in the updated manuscript. Our response has been organised to first address the editorial comments followed by each reviewer in turn. All changes within the manuscri...

Deep deposits of hydrocarbons, including varied reservoirs of petroleum and natural gas, represent the most economically important component of the deep carbon cycle. Yet despite their intensive study and exploitation for more than a century, details of the origins of some deep hydrocarbons remain a matter of vocal debate in some scientific circles. This long and continuing history of controver...

The articles by Loren Marks and Mark Regnerus provide useful opportunities for readers to think about the current state of research on children with gay and lesbian parents. These articles raise two sets of issues. One involves the scientific status of research on this topic, and the other involves concerns about law, social policy, and civil rights. My comments focus on both sets of issues, be...

streptococcus iniae has emerged as an important fish pathogen over the last decade in farmed rainbow trout in iran. the main objective of this study was to evaluate the pathogenicity of s. iniae in poecilia reticulata . atotal of 60 apparently healthy p. reticulata were obtained from ornamental fish pet store and injected intraperitoneally with 1.5×10 6 cfu of bacteria. for 14 days after challe...