Competitive learning is attracting ever increasing amounts of attention in the field of digital game-based learning. Different mechanisms for the promotion of competitive learning have been proposed in previous studies, including social-competition and self-competition mechanisms, but few have addressed student preferences as to the choice between social-competition and self-competition, especi...

This article compares the performance of Adaptive RPCL-CLP [Cheung, Lai and Xu, 1995] with that of RPCL-ART [Leung, Cheung, Lai and Xu, 1995] on financial prediction. They are evaluated in terms of prediction accuracy as well as profit gains under two simple trading systems. Computer experiments show how Adaptive RPCL-CLP out-performs RPCL-ART and some traditional methods such as MA and Random...