Environmental analysis of offshore shale members of Upper Pennsylvanian Midcontinent cyclothems was undertaken using a combination of high-resolution X-radiography, petrography, and geochemical analyses. A hierarchical sampling strategy permitted investigation of (1) broad stratigraphic and geographic patterns of compositional variation through analysis of three shale members (Hushpuckney, Star...

Disturbances and environmental change are important factors determining the diversity, composition, and functioning of communities. However, knowledge about how natural bacterial communities are affected by such perturbations is still sparse. We performed a whole ecosystem manipulation experiment with freshwater rock pools where we applied salinity disturbances of different intensities. The aim...

Since the Lucas-Kanade algorithm was proposed in 1981 image alignment has become one of the most widely used techniques in computer vision. Applications range from optical flow and tracking to layered motion, mosaic construction, and face coding. Numerous algorithms have been proposed and a wide variety of extensions have been made to the original formulation. We present an overview of image al...

Abstract The system architecture presented in Chapter controls (i.e., sustains and constrains) the invocation of inference methods introduced Chapter. In this chapter, we describe higher level more detail.

Compositional data are nonnegative carrying relative, rather than absolute, information—these often with a constant-sum constraint on the sample values, for example, proportions or percentages summing to 1% 100%, respectively. Ratios between components of composition important since they unaffected by particular set chosen. Logarithms ratios (logratios) fundamental transformation in ratio appro...