Compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied petroleum (LPG) are included in the group of promoted transport fuel alternatives for traditional fossil fuels Europe. Both CNG LPG fueled vehicles believed to have low particle number mass emissions. Here, we studied solid (SPN) emissions >4 nm, >10 nm >23 bi-fuel applying CNG, gasoline laboratory at 23 °C sub-zero (−7 °C) ambient temperature...

use of zinc and iron oxide are common in the desulfurization process from natural gas. in thisresearch, after determinations of the size and specifications through tem and xrd for each of the metaloxides, two different size ratios were used, 0.66 for zinc oxide and 0.142 for iron oxide. further, absorption of sulfur compounds in gas (hydrogen sulfide (h2s), carbonyl sulfide (cos), methyl mercap...

Based on an analysis of several case studies of alternative fuel introductions [ethanol, biodiesel, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), compressed natural gas (CNG)], requirements for alternative fuels, vehicles, and the fueling infrastructure are postulated that are necessary for successful market implementation. Affordable vehicle technology and costcompetitive fuel were identified as the most cri...

compressibility factor and viscosity of natural gasses are of great importance in petroleum and chemical engineering. to calculate the natural gas properties in the pipelines, storage systems and reservoirs, the exact values of gas compressibility factor and viscosity are required. a new method that allows accurate determination of compressibility factor and gas viscosity for all types of: swee...

This paper presents the experimental results of a single cylinder Enfield engine using an electronically controlled fuel injection system which was developed to carry out exhaustive tests using neat CNG, and mixtures of hydrogen in compressed natural gas (HCNG) as 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% by energy. Experiments were performed at 2000 and 2400 rpm with wide open throttle and varying the equivalence ...

In order to improve the energy efficiency of multi-actuator pneumatic systems, a control scheme for recovery exhausted compressed air is designed and studied herein. This paper explains procedure development balanced operation system through collection reuse air. Compared with traditional motion actuators, significant savings can be achieved, while dynamic behavior cylinders from which collecte...