“ghurar” verses, according to some contemporary shii-imami commentaries, refer to the comprehensive quranic expressions which have an explanatory eminence in a specific subject-matter and have a unique and useful feature to explain the matter and resolve its problems. these verses have gained an authority in explaining the quranic teachings, and gradually have become the reference point of many...

There is a need to develop a contemporary and internationally accepted conceptual description of physical and rehabilitation medicine (PRM). The process of evolving such a definition can now rely on the unifying conceptual model and taxonomy of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and an ICF-based conceptual description of rehabilitation understood as a h...

The paper focuses on regional trade agreements and economic co-operation and develops a new appropriate approach to study their impact on growth and trade. The approach is based on an endogenous trade-growth theory and novelly specified in an economic integration (expenditure) framework which is the conceptual foundation of regional trade agreements. Importantly, it also appropriately takes int...

Spoken word recognition and production require fast transformations between acoustic, phonological, and conceptual neural representations. Bilinguals perform these transformations in native and non-native languages, deriving unified semantic concepts from equivalent, but acoustically different words. Here we exploit this capacity of bilinguals to investigate input invariant semantic representat...

Concept hierarchies, also called taxonomies or directories, are widely used on the World Wide Web to organize and present large collections of Web pages. They were originally developed to help users locate relevant information by browsing. More recently, conceptual search engines such as KeyConcept have been developed that retrieve documents based upon the concepts they discuss in addition to t...

This study established concept elements based on granular computing theory and the isomorphic relation between rated scales in formal concept analysis (FCA) and constructed the correlation of the concept elements. A concept granule was constructed by studying the mapping relation between concept elements. The common polymerization and extension forms of the concept granule were given. We studie...

web 2.0 is not a single technology or standard but rather a set of concepts and features. web 2.0 concepts and features call for further attention. since, previous studies have only addressed only some of these concepts and features. in order to give a comprehensive view of web 2.0, these features are collected through literature review and a framework of web 2.0 features is presented. also, du...

Despite conceptual and technology advancements in cartography over the decades, choropleth map design and classification fail to address a fundamental issue: estimates that are statistically indifferent may be assigned to different classes on maps or vice versa. Recently, the class separability concept was introduced as a map classification criterion to evaluate the likelihood that estimates in...

Terminologies are now software. They are key components of the integration of electronic patient records, decision support systems and information retrieval systems. To be used as software, the different types of content in traditional terminologies must be separated, which we term here: conceptual, linguistic, inferential and pragmatic. The conceptual knowledge at the heart of the terminology ...