Ant-based algorithms simulate the cooperative behaviour of real ants in finding food resources. A significant number of studies have focused on the self-organised behaviour of ants in the natural environment to develop effective systems for dynamic problems. Ant-based systems have special properties such as scalability, adaptability, and dynamicity, which are the main requirements for solving v...

We isolated and identified Salmonella organisms from ovaries of dead layer birds and from inner content of laid eggs of different poultry farms. The thirty eight ovarian swabs for bacteriology, visceral organs (liver, lung, spleen, egg follicles and intestine) of 38 dead birds for pathological study from 15 layer farms and 45 laid eggs (5 eggs/farm) from reported 9 Salmonella infected farms con...

BACKGROUND Leeches are a well-recognized treatment for congested tissue. This study reviewed the efficacy of leech therapy for salvage of venous congested flaps and congested replanted or revascularized hand digits over a 2-year period. METHODS All patients treated with leeches between 1 Oct 2010 and 30 Sep 2012 (two years) at Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK were included in the stud...

mencement of the aorta. Lungs.?Right lung bound down to the ribs by firm adhesions : entire lung in a state of red hepatization, bronchi congested and full of froth ; apex contains several empty cavities small in size and with firm fibrous wall Left lung congested throughout?in the first stage of pneumonia. Spleen.?Enlarged, 6 X 3| inches ; the free anterior margin near the apex divided into 3 ...