The moist temperate Himalayas, as one of the major ecological zone of Pakistan, deserve specific attention to the conservation of environment and the sustainable development of natural resources. During the last hundred years, the area has been subjected to major structural changes leading to a decrease of about fifty per cent of the potential forest area. The decrease in forest cover, combined...

I n addition to labor force and capital, energy plays a significant role in the production of commodities and services. Energy is the driving force of production activities. Therefore, it is an essential ingredient of growth and development. Results obtained from this paper show that the growth of oil products consumption has a positive effect on economic development via two channels: Firstly,...

energy conservation in buildings plays a vital role for sustainable development of societies and nations. although, newer buildings in developing nations are being constructed using energy conservation approach, existing buildings have higher energy demand to meet the desired comfort. excessive energy demand for cooling the built environment is a major problem over most of the arid climatic zon...

Newtonian physics is characterized by the existence of various conservation laws, that is, principles that tell us that however complicated the interactions among the components making up the system, certain quantities never change. Perhaps the most familiar such law is the conservation of the total mass of the system, or “amount of matter” in it: as described in Feynman, §3, we believe that in...

I explain the geometric basis for the recently-discovered nonholonomic mapping principle which enables me to derive laws of nature in spacetimes with curvature and torsion from those in at spacetime, thus replacing and extending Einstein's equivalence principle. An important consequence is a new action principle for determining the equation of motion of a free spinless point particle in such sp...

The lecture explains the geometric basis for the recently-discovered nonholonomic mapping principle which specifies certain laws of nature in spacetimes with curvature and torsion from those in flat spacetime, thus replacing and extending Einstein's equivalence principle. An important consequence is a new action principle for determining the equation of motion of a free spinless point particle ...

James Joule played the major role in establishing the conservation of energy, or the first law of thermodynamics, as a universal, all-pervasive principle of physics. He was an experimentalist par excellence and his place in the development of thermodynamics is unarguable. This article discusses Joule's life and scientific work culminating in the 1850 paper, where he presented his detailed measu...

Corn is cultivated in most countries because of high consumption, quality, and food value. This study evaluated needed energy for cutting corn stems in different levels of cutting height and moisture content. For this reason, test device was fabricated and then calibrated. The device works on the principle of conservation of energy. The results were analyzed using split plot design and SAS soft...

An injection-molding machine (IMM) is equipment that produces all kinds of plastic products. At present, the global production of IMMs amounts to more than 30 million units each year, and its total production accounts for 50% of all plastic molding equipment. Now, the main energy consumption equipment of plastic processing plants consists in IMMs. Therefore, energy conservation research on IMMs...

the objectives of this research were to study the varieties and relationships of yield and quality traits under two harvesting management procedures concerning forage dry matter (dm yield) and 5 quality traits such as dry matter digestibility (dmd%), water soluble carbohydrates (wsc%), crude protein (cp%), acid detergent fibre (adf%) and total ash in tall wheatgrass (agropyron elongatum). in th...