Research on the psychological bases of political attitudes tends to dwell on the attitudes of conservatives, rarely placing a conscious thematic emphasis on what motivates liberals to adopt the attitudes they do. This research begins to address this imbalance by examining whether the need for cognitive closure is equally associated with conservatism in policy attitudes among those who broadly i...

Optimizing the common case has been an adage in decades of processor design practices. However, as the system complexity and optimization techniques’ sophistication have increased substantially, maintaining correctness under all situations, however unlikely, is contributing to the necessity of extra conservatism in all layers of the system design. The mounting process, voltage, and temperature ...

We analyze the risk levels chosen by agents who have private information regarding their quality, and whose performance will be judged and rewarded by outsiders. Assume that risk choice is observable. Agents will choose risk strategically to enhance their expected reputations. We show that conspicuous conservatism results: agents of different qualities choose levels below those that would be ch...

Unification of couplings, observation of neutrino masses in the expected range, and several other considerations confirm central implications of straightforward gauge unification based on SO(10) or a close relative and incorporating low-energy supersymmetry. The remaining outstanding consequence of this circle of ideas, yet to be observed, is nucleon instability. Clearly, we should aspire to be...

Abstract
 This study aims to examine the effect of managerial ownership, audit committee, profitability and leverage on accounting conservatism. The population in this are manufacturing companies listed Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2015-2019 period. sampling technique used purposive sampling. total data was 494 analytical research is multiple regression analysis. analysis test carried o...