The aim of the paper is twofold. Firstly, an approach is presented how to select the correct antecedent for an anaphoric element according to the kind of text segments in which both of them occur. Basically, information on logical text structure (e.g. chapters, sections, paragraphs) is used in order to select the antecedent life span of a linguistic expression, i.e. some linguistic expressions ...

The idea that the head of an expression determines the type of that expression is a deeply entrenched axiom of modern linguistics. It is the basis of X-Bar Theory and Dependency Grammar and a key notion underlying Head Driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG) and Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar (GPSG). It has a long history dating back at least to Bloomfield’s notion of endocentric construct...

Popular press accounts and the political-economics literature link awarding 2010 Nobel Peace Prize to a Chinese dissident China's trade sanction on Norway's whole, fresh/chilled salmon exports. Norway lost its dominant supplier share of market as total exports China decreased. Then, in 2011, Vietnam dramatically increased imports Norwegian salmon. A structural break divides data series into two...

The ways individuals use words can reflect basic psychological processes, including clues to their thoughts, feelings, perceptions, and personality. This paper seeks to determine whether there is a relationship between Iranian EFL learners' writing styles and their personality and gender.  It focuses on gender and two key dimensions of personality (Neuroticism and Extroversion), which were asse...

Recognition of emotional facial expressions is universal for all humans, but signed language users must also recognize certain non-affective facial expressions as linguistic markers. fMRI was used to investigate the neural systems underlying recognition of these functionally distinct expressions, comparing deaf ASL signers and hearing nonsigners. Within the superior temporal sulcus (STS), activ...

There is a long standing debate between aphasiologists on the essential factor that constitutes the behavioral patterns of loss and preservation in agrammatic Broca's aphasia. It has been suggested that linguistic complexity plays a crucial role: linguistically complex structures are more difficult to produce than linguistically simple ones. However, linguistic complex structures are often less...

This paper explores the relationship between cultural knowledge and the specific meaning of a pronominal adverb in legal English where Chinese translators need to get the correct translation in their venture into translating the language of law. On the one hand, relying on the relevant legal cultural knowledge functioning as domain-general reference within a community or jurisdiction, tra...