OBJECTIVE Among Australian smokers, to examine associations between cigarette brand switching, quitting activity and possible causal directions by lagging the relationships in different directions. METHODS Current smokers from nine waves (2002 to early 2012) of the ITC-4 Country Survey Australian dataset were surveyed. Measures were brand switching, both brand family and product type (roll-yo...

Retraction of 'Light-controlled resistive switching memory of multiferroic BiMnO3 nanowire arrays' by Bai Sun and Chang Ming Li, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2015, 17, 6718-6721.

This paper focuses on the differentiability properties of the control-to-state mapping for entropy solutions to a scalar hyperbolic conservation law on R with respect to the switching times of an on/off control. As an example we consider the traffic density on a unidirectional road described by the LWR-model that is controlled by a traffic light switching between red and green at certain times....

a few papers have been interested by the fixed switching frequency direct torque control fed by direct matrix converters, where we can find just the use of direct torque controlled space vector modulated method. In this present paper, we present an improved method used for a fixed switching frequency direct torque control (DTC) using a direct matrix converter (DMC). This method is characterized...

The charge-memory effect, bistability and switching between charged and neutral states of a molecular junction, as observed in recent STM experiments, is considered within a minimal polaron model. We show that in the case of strong electron-vibron interaction the rate of spontaneous quantum switching between charged and neutral states is exponentially suppressed at zero bias voltage but can be ...

This paper presents a practical implementation for direct torque control of induction motor drive. Control system experiment is proposed using Digital Signal Processor. This control scheme directly determines the switching states of the inverter and gives optimal characteristics for stator flux and torque control. A simple switching pattern for direct torque control algorithm for induction moto...

In this paper, a nonlinear control-system design framework predicated on a hierarchical switching controller architecture parameterized over a set of moving system equilibria is developed. Specifically, using equilibria-dependent Lyapunov functions, a hierarchical nonlinear control strategy is developed that stabilizes a given nonlinear system by stabilizing a collection of nonlinear controlled...

A switching control strategy for inverted pendulum systems is proposed based on the energy function and its transitions. We deal with a simplified second order model of cart-pendulum systems. Assume a virtual energy whose potential energy has an opposite sign. Paying attention to the motions of the pendulum, the energy changes are analyzed theoretically. According to these analyses, the conditi...

All-optical, mirrorless switching and bistability is demonstrated with bacteriorhodopsin (bR). A low-power, 532 nm laser beam modulates the transmission of a cw laser beam at 635 nm that corresponds to peak absorption of the Oexcited state in the bR photocycle. The switch has features like a NOT-gate; its switching contrast depends on the pulse width and average power of the modulating laser. T...

This paper presents a power factor correction (PFC) based canonical switching cell (CSC) converter-fed brushless dc motor (BLDCM) drive for low-power household applications. The speed of BLDCM is controlled by varying the dc-bus voltage of voltage source inverter (VSI). The BLDCM is electronically commutated for reduced switching losses in VSI due to low-frequency switching. A front-end CSC con...