AIM The aim of this study was (i) to evaluate the formation of air bubbles in the apical region of root canal (apical vapor lock) during syringe irrigation, using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and (ii) comparative evaluation of the elimination of an established vapor lock by EndoActivator, ultrasonics, and manual dynamic agitation (MDA), using CBCT. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 60 ...

Nonflooded irrigation is an important water-saving rice cultivation technology, but little is known on its photosynthetic mechanism. The aims of this work were to investigate photosynthetic characteristics of rice during grain filling stage under three nonflooded irrigation treatments: furrow irrigation with plastic mulching (FIM), furrow irrigation with nonmulching (FIN), and drip irrigation w...

AIM This study compared the efficacy of conventional, endovac and ultrasonic irrigation system for the removal of debris from root canal walls, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at cervical, middle and apical 3rd. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 30 freshly extracted human mandibular premolars with complete root formation were selected and divided into group 1 endovac, group 2 conventi...

Intradermal administration of naked DNA with a conventional needle syringe is simple and inexpensive method to expose an encoded antigen the dermal immune system. We aimed enhance intradermal gene expression pyro-drive jet injector using pig skin, which similar in structure biomechanical properties human skin. When Cy3-labeled plasmid (pCy3) was applied skin injector, pCy3 distributed preferent...

OBJECTIVES This study investigated the cleaning ability of ultrasonically activated irrigation (UAI) and a novel activation system with reciprocating motion (EC, EasyClean, Easy Equipamentos Odontológicos) when used with a relatively new chelating agent (QMix, Dentsply). In addition, the effect of QMix solution when used for a shorter (1 minute) and a longer application time (3 minutes) was inv...

AIM To compare the diagnostic information provided by digital subtraction dacryocystography (DCG) and syringing of the nasolacrimal system in patients with epiphora. METHODS Twenty-five lacrimal systems of 17 patients, who presented with unilateral or bilateral epiphora and no concurrent ocular or lid abnormality, were prospectively entered into the study. The patients initially underwent syr...

increasing the concentrations and emissions of greenhouse gases makes the weather warmer and affects land uses. carbon dioxide emission is recognized as one of the most important factors in global warming. the objectives of this research were to investigate the amount of co2 emission from soil to atmosphere during the wheat growth under two different tillage and irrigation methods. in this stud...

Introduction: various irrigation devices and chemical solutions are being developed improved nowadays for better penetration deep into the complex root canal system. Activation of irrigating enhances solution effectiveness. Evidence in literature suggests that ultrasonic is much more effective this respect than syringe alone. Passive (PUI) and/or ultrasonically activated (UAI): nowadays, two te...