In the article, possibility of determining consumption electrical energy by gas air cooling devices. Special attention is paid to processing experimental results. There are some assumptions in mathematical model that do not affect final result. The factors influencing electric coolers given. It stated ambient temperature and pressure significantly energy. Thus, based on data, a devices main com...

One of the most promising applications for molecules built from paramagnetic metal ions is low-temperature magnetic refrigeration. Indeed, recent studies have suggested that molecular coolers can outperform any conventionally employed solid-state refrigerant material by orders of magnitude. In order to do so, molecules must possess a combination of a large spin ground state (S), with negligible...

SPICA, a Japanese led mission, is part of the JAXA future science program and is planned for launch in 2018. SPICA will perform imaging and spectroscopic observations in the 5 to 210 mm waveband. The SPICA payload features three instruments, one of which, SAFARI, is developed by a European based consortium. SPICA’s distinctive feature is to use an actively cooled telescope down to 4 K. In addit...