Arsenic content in copper concentrates is continuously increasing worldwide. It desirable to remove arsenic from the earlier stages of making due deposition cathode during electrorefining process. Effects temperature, flux, and oxygen on distribution converting fire refining processes were studied using FactSage 8.2. The results showed that can be effectively removed by proper selection slags. ...

It is well documented that slag-based silicon fertilizers have beneficial effects on the growth and disease resistance of rice. However, their effects vary greatly with sources of slag and are closely related to availability of silicon (Si) in these materials. To date, few researches have been done to compare the differences in plant performance and disease resistance between different slag-bas...

In the hydrometallurgical process used for recycling platinum group metals (PGMs), a residue containing mainly Cr2O3 and small amount of PGMs is generated. present work, pyrometallurgical was applied in which from generated are concentrated molten copper phase as collector-metal, separated into slag with SiO2 CaO flux. To reduce loss to slag, it necessary have homogenous liquid lower dissolutio...

Present society challenges, including metal scarcity, recycling, and environmental restrictions, resulted in the increased complexity variability of metallurgical feed streams. Metallurgical processes involving complex lead copper-containing slag matte phases are now commonly used response. Optimization existing development new require fundamental information on slag–matte phase equilibrium. De...