Score-based approaches for computing forensic likelihood ratios are becoming more prevalent in the forensic literature. When two items of evidential value are entangled via a scorefunction, several nuances arise when attempting to model the score behavior under the competing source-level propositions. Specific assumptions must be made in order to appropriately model the numerator and denominato...

In diseases caused by deleterious gene mutations, knowledge of age-specific cumulative risks is necessary for medical management of mutation carriers. When pedigrees are ascertained through several affected persons, ascertainment bias can be corrected by using a retrospective likelihood. This likelihood is a function of the genotypes of pedigree members given their phenotypes and provides unbia...

BACKGROUND The effects of cigarette smoking on body weight remain inconclusive. This study evaluated this relationship using the latest data from China, the largest consumer market of tobacco in the world, which is also experiencing a steady increase in patients with obesity. METHODS Using data obtained from China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) 1991-2011, Logit Model and Two-Stage Residua...

Imputation is a popular technique for handling missing data especially for plenty of missing values. Usually, the empirical log-likelihood ratio statistic under imputation is asymptotically scaled chi-squared because the imputing data are not i.i.d. Recently, a bias-corrected technique is used to study linear regression model with missing response data, and the resulting empirical likelihood ra...

Bagging an estimator approximately doubles its bias through the impact of bagging on quadratic terms in expansions of the estimator. This difficulty can be alleviated by bagging a suitably bias-corrected estimator, however. In these and other circumstances, what is the overall impact of bagging and/or bias correction, and how can it be characterised? We answer these questions in the case of gen...

For the estimation of the parameters involved in a linear dynamic mixed model for panel data, it has been shown recently by Rao, Sutradhar, and Pandit (2012, Brazilian J. of Probability and Statistics, Vol. 26, 167–177) that the so-called generalized quasi-likelihood (GQL) approach produces more efficient regression estimates as compared to the generalized method of moments (GMM) approach. Thes...

ABSTRACT In the present paper, we consider the variable selection problem in Poisson regression models. Akaike’s information criterion (AIC) is the most commonly applied criterion for selecting variables. However, the bias of the AIC cannot be ignored, especially in small samples. We herein propose a new bias-corrected version of the AIC that is constructed by stochastic expansion of the maximu...

Two sequential camera source identification methods are proposed. Sequential tests implement a log-likelihood ratio test in an incremental way, thus enabling a reliable decision with a minimal number of observations. One of our methods adapts Goljan et al.’s to sequential operation. The second, which offers better performance in terms of error probabilities and average number of test observatio...