The objective of this study was to examine exercise effects on global brain volume, hippocampal volume, and cortical thickness in schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. Irrespective of diagnosis and intervention, associations between brain changes and cardiorespiratory fitness improvement were examined. Sixty-three schizophrenia patients and fifty-five healthy controls participated in thi...

Polymicrogyria (PMG) is a complex cortical malformation which has so far defied any mechanistic or genetic explanation. Adopting a broad definition of an abnormally folded or festooned cerebral cortical neuronal ribbon, this review addresses the literature on PMG and the mechanisms of its development, as derived from the neuropathological study of many cases of human PMG, a large proportion in ...

the present study aims to investigate the effect of noscapine (0.5-2.5 µm), an alkaloid from the opium poppy, on primary murine fetal cortical neurons exposed to oxygen–glucose deprivation (ogd), an in vitro model of ischemia. cells were transferred to glucose-free dmem (dulbecco's modified eagle medium) and were exposed to hypoxia in a small anaerobic chamber. cell viability and nitric ox...

Monoclonal light chain immunoglobulin deposition disease (MIDD) is a rare disorders in which monoclonal chains are deposited within the basement membranes of renal structures, including glomeruli, tubules and vessel walls.1 The vast majority patients diagnosed with MIDD will have insufficiency (80%) half myeloma.2 We present case 52-year-old female subacute history impaired function recent crea...

This paper discusses a probable case of pediatric mandibular osteomyelitis (OM) from the east Hokkaido Okhotsk (5th–13th century AD) site Moyoro, Japan. The remains young child present an unusual lesion exhibiting two main features: (1) cortical thickening reflecting periosteal new bone formation, and (2) lytic alveolar destruction with associated antemortem tooth loss. was examined macroscopic...

Fibrous dysplasia of bone (FD) is a rare congenital disease, due to somatic mutation GNAS. This results in defect osteoblast differentiation and mineralization also an increase resorption by large active osteoclasts. Bone pain present half patients the main determinant quality life with FD. Bisphosphonates are known reduce risk fracture metastases or Paget's disease. may have similar effects In...

Neuroimaging research indicates that human intellectual ability is associated to brain structure including the thickness of the cerebral cortex. Most studies show that general intelligence is positively associated with cortical thickness in areas of association cortex allocated throughout both brain hemispheres. Changes in cortical thickness over time have been related to intelligence, but whet...