In this paper the costs and benefits associated with DNA diagnosis of subjects who are at risk of having a child with a monogenic disease and who seek genetic counselling because of their reproductive plans are predicted under various assumptions using a mathematical model. Four monogenic diseases have been considered: cystic fibrosis, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, myotonic dystrophy, and fragil...

Brain diseases represent a considerable social and economic burden in Europe. With yearly costs of about 800 billion euros and an estimated 179 million people afflicted in 2010, brain diseases are an unquestionable emergency and a grand challenge for neuroscientists.

Research background: Globalization has both positive and negative consequences. For more than a year, the whole world been feeling very strongly about one of consequences globalization. And that is rapid spread infectious diseases. Within few months first COVID-19 diseases, pandemic occurred. The most common symptoms this disease are fever, muscle aches, fatigue, loss appetite difficulty breath...

§ 29.9% of the Portuguese population with ages between 50 and 64 yo were officially retired. § Among these, 13.1% were retired due to RD (3.9% of overall population). § The estimated annual indirect cost following premature retirement caused by RD was €910 million (€555 per capita; €1,625 per self-reported RD patient and €13,592 per early retiree due to RD). § Females contributed with 84% for t...

<span lang="EN-US">Agriculture is a crucial element to build strong economy, not only because of its importance in providing food, but also as source raw materials for industry well energy. Different diseases affect plants, which leads decrease productivity. In recent years, developments computing technology and machine-learning algorithms (such deep neural networks) the field agriculture...