Hemangioblastomas are rare and benign tumors accounting for less than 2% of all central nervous system (CNS) tumors. The vast majority of hemangioblastomas occur sporadically, whereas a small number of cases, especially in younger patients, are associated with Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome. It is thought that loss of tumor suppressor function of the VHL gene results in stabilization of hypox...

Background: Adjacent treatment fields are commonly used in external beam radiation therapy, such as mantle and inverted-Y fields for the treatment of Hodgkin’s disease and craniospinal fields used in the treatment of medulloblastoma and head and neck tumors when the lateral neck fields are placed adjacent to the anterior supraclavicular field. In each of these situations, there is a possibility...

Medulloblastoma (MB) is a highly malignant primary brain tumor, which occurs in the cerebellum or posterior cranial fossa. MB is most commonly identified in children <10 years of age. The disease is rare in adults, affecting patients aged between 30 and 50 years of age, with an incidence of 0.5 cases per 1,000,000 individuals. Extraneural metastases are reported in 7-10% of cases, most commonly...

RATIONALE Central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal tumors (CNS PNETs) mostly occur in children and present as cerebellar medulloblastoma. A few cases of PNETs occur in the cerebral hemisphere. The presence of a PNET in ventricles is extremely rare. The prognosis of CNS PNET is extremely poor, and the 5-year survival rate does not exceed 35%. In the present study, we describe the first c...

The purpose of the trial was to determine the survival and incidence of secondary tumors in children with medulloblastoma receiving radiotherapy plus chemotherapy. Three hundred seventy-nine eligible patients with nondisseminated medulloblastoma between the ages of 3 and 21 years were treated with 2340 cGy of craniospinal and 5580 cGy of posterior fossa irradiation. Patients were randomized bet...

BACKGROUND Two cases of normal pregnancies and deliveries after whole craniospinal irradiation (WCSI) are described, and whether the ovaries can be left out of the WCSI field by identifying ovarian position using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is determined. MATERIALS AND METHODS The distance between the upper edge of the pubic symphysis and the central part of the ovary was measured on MRI...

We aimed to evaluate long-term toxicity in children with medulloblastoma treated with postoperative radiotherapy (RT). This study included 21 patients aged 4-16 who had been diagnosed with medulloblastoma. All of the patients in the study received postoperative craniospinal RT. Postoperative RT followed by chemotherapy was the treatment protocol. A total of 13 patients (62%) received chemothera...

Primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) is a very uncommon disease in children, and usually treated by chemotherapy, combined with focal or craniospinal radiotherapy (RT). However, adverse effects of RT are a concern. We evaluated the outcomes of childhood PCNSL, treated with systemic and intrathecal chemotherapy, but without RT. For fifteen years, six patients among 175 of non-Hodgkin lymphoma were diagn...

AIM To determine the relationship between prescribed dose-intensity of chemotherapy and survival in childhood medulloblastoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 55 trials from 1970-2009 were identified, 30 were eligible for analysis, with individual treatment regimes with 5-year (or more) outcome figures. Relationships of outcome to dose-intensity were analysed using weighted regression. RES...

BACKGROUND The authors developed a framework for estimating and comparing the risks of various long-term complications on a common scale and applied it to 3 different techniques for craniospinal irradiation in patients with pediatric medulloblastoma. METHODS Radiation dose-response parameters related to excess hazard ratios for secondary breast, lung, stomach, and thyroid cancer; heart failur...