Mental Toughness (MT), which refers to an inner focus and commitment to rise above challenges when facing adversity, is viewed as one of the most important psychological attributes in determining success in sport. However, there is little consensus on key components of MT, and existing measures vary greatly while focusing on elite athletes. The purpose of this research was to develop a measure ...

This article describes the development and psychometric evaluation of the Barriers to Help Seeking Scale (BHSS). The measure was designed to assess reasons men identify for not seeking professional help for mental and physical health problems. Exploratory factor analyses in a sample of 537 undergraduate men revealed a 5-factor solution of internally consistent subscales, including Need for Cont...

Although selection tests are typically validated against only a single criterion, calls in the personnel selection literature urge the examination of selection devices across multiple criteria. This study examined biodata criterion-related validity across multiple performance criteria in a sample of 6,036 automated systems controller applicants. The performance measures examined included a pape...

BACKGROUND Interest in evaluating and improving children's diets in afterschool settings has grown, necessitating the development of feasible yet valid measures for capturing children's intake in such settings. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to test the criterion validity and cost of three unobtrusive visual estimation methods compared with a plate-weighing method: direct onsite obse...

In this paper, a new cluster validity criterion for fuzzy c-regression models (FCRM) clustering algorithm with affine linear functional cluster representatives is proposed. The proposed cluster validity criterion calculates the overall compactness and separateness of the FCRM partition and then determines the appropriate number of clusters. Besides, its application to fuzzy model identification...

To assess the construct and criterion validity of the Prison Inmate Inventory (PII), this study examined the ability of four PII scales to predict measures representing the potential for criminal recidivism and return/increased duration of prison sentence in a large population of prisoners (N = 31,954) in the United States. Criminal history measures used to test the construct and criterion vali...

OBJECTIVE To assess consensual validity, interrater reliability, and criterion validity of the International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative Functional Diet Scale, a new functional outcome scale intended to capture the severity of oropharyngeal dysphagia, as represented by the degree of diet texture restriction recommended for the patient. DESIGN Participants assigned International ...

Social anxiety is an emotional disorder common to various populations around the world. The newly developed Self-Beliefs Related to Social Anxiety Scale (SBSA) aims to assess three kinds of self-beliefs through 15 items that include self-related cognitive factors that evidently result in social anxiety. This study explored the psychometric characteristics of SBSA among 978 Chinese. An eight-ite...

BACKGROUND To evaluate the construct and criterion validity of the Tuebingen Cushing's disease quality of life inventory (Tuebingen CD-25) for application in patients treated for Cushing's disease (CD). METHODS A total of 176 patients with adrenocorticotropin hormone-dependent CD (144 of them female, overall mean age 46.1 ± 13.7 years) treated at 3 large tertiary referral centers in Germany w...