Quantum indeterminism seems incompatible with Kant’s defense of causality in his Second Analogy. The Copenhagen interpretation also takes quantum theory as evidence for anti-realism. This article argues that the law of causality, as transcendental, applies only to the world as observable, not to hypothetical (unobservable) objects such as quarks, detectable only by high energy accelerators. Tak...

Geometric metaphors have been used in fraud theory for more than 60 years. The most commonly of these is the triangle. triangle has criticized severely its scope, substitutability elements, perceptuality, individuality and one-sidedness. Different models developed afterwards tried to cover shortcomings with additions modifications, but none them became as popular In this study, by moving away f...

We consider (a slight variant of) the ccs calculus, and we analyze two operational semantics deened in the literature: the rst exploits Proved Transition Systems (pts) and the second Rewriting Logic (rl). We show that the interleaving interpretation of both semantics agree, in that they deene the same transitions and exhibit the same nondeterministic structure. In addition, we study causality i...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW The negative association between intelligence and obesity has been well established, but the direction of causality is unclear. The present review surveys the recent studies on the topic with both cross-sectional and longitudinal data in an attempt to establish causality. RECENT FINDINGS Most studies in the area employ cross-sectional data and conclude (without empirical jus...

A recent commentary to Biophysical Journal criticized a previous study published in the same journal by Gomes et al. in 2016, and an alternative interpretation of the measurements was proposed. We reply here to these criticisms and provide some additional clarification, in particular, about a possible misinterpretation of the electrical circuit corresponding to these experiments. We suggest tha...