Direct growth of oxide films on silicon is usually difficult because extensive diffusion or chemical reaction between (Si) and materials. Schlom et. al. comprehensively investigate the thermodynamic stability binary oxides. However does not include factors for epitaxial such as lattice mismatch crystallographic arrangement deposited surface. A magnesium (MgO) was taken an example materials abso...

Unionid shells are characterized by an outer aragonitic prismatic layer and an inner nacreous layer. The prisms of the outer shell layer are composed of single-crystal fibres radiating from spheruliths. During prism development, fibres progressively recline to the growth front. There is competition between prisms, leading to the selection of bigger, evenly sized prisms. A new model explains thi...

The mathematical model developed for single-crystalline solidification in laser surface melting (LSM) described in Part I [Acta Mater 2004;52:4833–4847] was used to compute the dendrite growth pattern and velocity distribution in the 3D melt pool for various substrate orientations. LSM experiments with single-crystal nickel-base superalloys were conducted for different orientations to verify th...