OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of drug resistance and to analyze the subtyping in HIV-1 samples from Cuba. METHODS From an estimated total number of 1,950 HIV-1-infected persons in Cuba, a sample of 103 patients were studied, 76 of whom had received drug treatment for HIV and 27 who had not. The RNA plasma viral load was measured, and automated sequencing was used to assess resistance...

Previous studies have shown that the HIV-1 epidemic in Cuba displayed a complex molecular epidemiologic profile with circulation of several subtypes and circulating recombinant forms (CRF); but the evolutionary and population history of those viral variants remains unknown. HIV-1 pol sequences of the most prevalent Cuban lineages (subtypes B, C and G, CRF18_cpx, CRF19_cpx, and CRFs20/23/24_BG) ...

We present a key to the three species of genus Phelister Marseul, 1854 (Coleoptera, Histeridae), occurring in Cuba along with diagnoses and habitus drawings. All are newly recorded for cadaveric fauna Cuba. In addition, we address taxonomic composition distribution country. completus Schmidt, 1893 from West Indies is first time

since 1962 and despite a lot of changes in american policies and international political system during these years, u.s foreign policy toward cuba was fixed and based on containment and pressuring on its government. power of cuban lobby is one of the most important reasons of this matter. sources of power and the way this lobby was formed, its political agenda and considerable successes in u.s ...

As health professionals in the United States consider how to focus health care and coverage to ensure better, more equitable patient and population health outcomes, the experience of Cuba's National Health System over the last 5 decades may provide useful insights. Although mutual awareness has been limited by long-term political hostilities between the United States and Cuban governments, the ...

•Caracara creightoni, previously known from three fragmentary fossils from New Providence Island, Bahamas, is here documented from two Quaternary sites in Cuba. It appears to have been a smaller species than C. cheriway, but with a more robust bill and quadrate and other cranial differences, relatively shorter wings, and more robust hindlimb elements. The living species C. cheriway appears to b...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between Helicobacter pylori infection and anaemia. DESIGN Six cross-sectional studies. H. pylori infection was assessed by the [13C]urea breath test using MS or IR analysis. Hb was measured for all countries. Ferritin and transferrin receptors were measured for Argentina, Bolivia, Mexico, and Venezuela. SETTING Health services in Argentina, Brazil an...

Tim Anderson1 Cuba, a relatively poor, socialist, developing country has the lowest rate of HIV infection in the Caribbean subregion and a rate among the lowest in the world. Yet when we look at the published explanations for this, outside Cuba, we face a wall of controversy and disdain. A fair amount of the criticism seems due to ideological wars and the economic blockade by the United States ...

We carried out an admixture analysis of a sample comprising 1,019 individuals from all the provinces of Cuba. We used a panel of 128 autosomal Ancestry Informative Markers (AIMs) to estimate the admixture proportions. We also characterized a number of haplogroup diagnostic markers in the mtDNA and Y-chromosome in order to evaluate admixture using uniparental markers. Finally, we analyzed the as...