Viral insect-borne plant pathogens have devastating impacts in agroecosystems. Vector-borne are often transmitted by generalist insects that move between non-crop and crop hosts. Insect vectors can wide diet breadths, but it is unknown which hosts serve as pathogen reservoirs host harbours the highest density of vectors. In Pacific Northwest USA, pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) a key virus vect...

Mosquito borne infectious diseases are among important group of diseases worldwide. Vaccination is available for some tropical mosquito-borne diseases, especially for Japa-nese encephalitis virus infection and yellow fever. There are also several attempts to develop new vaccines for the other mosquito-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue infection and West Nile virus infection. In this articl...

Virus yellows, the disease that was regarded as worst scourge of sugar beet production in northern Europe 20th century, made a dramatic and devastating comeback 2020, infecting up to 100% some fields Fens Cambridgeshire, culminating 38.1% infection national crop, highest incidence this pernicious since epidemics 1974–1976. The causes latest epidemic were consequences perfect storm – high overwi...