In order to make sense of the world, humans tend to see causation almost everywhere. Although most causal relations may seem straightforward, they are not always construed in the same way cross-culturally. In this study, we investigate concepts of "chance," "coincidence," or "randomness" that refer to assumed relations between intention, action, and outcome in situations, and we ask how people ...

Migration has contributed to the richness in diversity of cultures, ethnicities and races in developed countries. Individuals who migrate experience multiple stresses that can impact their mental well being, including the loss of cultural norms, religious customs, and social support systems, adjustment to a new culture and changes in identity and concept of self. Indeed, the rates of mental ill...

Studies of religious and other cultural groups tend to be particularistic or focus on one or more axes of variation. In this article we develop a more comprehensive approach to studying cultural diversity that emulates the study of biological diversity. We compare our cultural ecosystem approach with the axis approach, using the distinction between “tight” and “loose” cultures as an example. We...

To understand the circumstances under which the use of collaborative learning systems would enhance learning efficiency, a laboratory experiment with a 2×2×2 factorial design was conducted to investigate the interaction and effects of perceived cultural diversity, group size, and leadership on learners’ performances and satisfaction with process. Contrary to an expected negative relationship be...

background: this study investigated the relationship between people's attitudes towards the safety culture and comparing its perceptions among three levels of refinery personnel: top management, supervisory staff and frontline workers by conducting safety culture survey. methods: a questionnaire comprising general information and 59-safety attitude statement were distributed among 237 workers, ...

This article provides an overview of some common challenges and opportunities related to cultural adaptation of behavioral interventions. Cultural adaptation is presented as a necessary action to ponder when considering the adoption of an evidence base intervention with ethnic and other minority groups. It proposes a roadmap to choose existing interventions and a specific approach to evaluate p...

Many of the most important properties of human groups - including properties that may give one group an evolutionary advantage over another - are properly defined only at the level of group organization. Yet at present, most work on the evolution of culture has focused solely on the transmission of individual-level traits. I propose a conceptual extension of the theory of cultural evolution, pa...

We study the coevolution of culture and cooperation by combining the Axelrod model of cultural dissemination with a spatial public goods game, incorporating both noise and social influence. Both participation and cooperation in public goods games are conditional on cultural similarity. We find that a larger "scope of cultural possibilities" in the model leads to the survival of cooperation, whe...