the purpose of this study was to produce oil in water nano-emulsion by ultrasonication, and investigate the influence of inulin and β-cyclodextrin on the prosperities of nano-emulsion and morphology of spray dried microcapsules. the results showed that emulsion droplet size in samples containing β-cyclodextrin (8.28±0.11 nm) was less than inulin samples (97.12±4.2 nm). considering sem photos, β...

An enzyme which catalyzes the transfer of glucose from UDP-glucose to a-hydroxyisobutyronitrile (acetone cyanohydrin) has been isolated from flax seedlings (Zinum usifafissimum L). The product of this reaction was shown to be identical with linamarin, one of the two cyanogenic glucosides produced by the flax plant. The partially purified UDP-glucose-ketone cyanohydrm /3-glucosyltransferase exhi...

An enzyme which catalyzes the transfer of glucose from UDP-glucose to a-hydroxyisobutyronitrile (acetone cyanohydrin) has been isolated from flax seedlings (Zinum usifafissimum L). The product of this reaction was shown to be identical with linamarin, one of the two cyanogenic glucosides produced by the flax plant. The partially purified UDP-glucose-ketone cyanohydrm /3-glucosyltransferase exhi...

For more than 420 million years, plants, insects and their predators have co-evolved based on a chemical arms race including deployment of refined chemical defence systems by each player. Cyanogenic glucosides are produced by numerous plants and by some specialized insects and serve an important role as defence compounds in these intimate interactions. Burnet moth larvae are able to sequester c...

Background: The complexity of the fermentation processes is mainly due to the complex nature of the biological systems which follow the life in a non-linear manner. Joined performance of artificial neural network (ANN) and genetic algorithm (GA) in finding optimal solutions in experimentation has found to be superior compared to the statistical methods. Range of applications of β-cyclodextrin (...

Cells of Sulfolobus acidocaldarius contain about 2.5% total lipid on a dry-weight basis. Total lipid was found to contain 10.5% neutral lipid, 67.6% glycolipid, and 21.7% polar lipid. The lipids contained C(40)H(80) isopranol glycerol diethers. Almost no fatty acids were present. The glycolipids were composed of about equal amounts of the glycerol diether analogue of glucosyl galactosyl diglyce...

The synthesis of deoxynucleotide kinase (EC 2.7.4.2) in vitro by a preparation consisting of T4 bacteriophage DNA and a cell-free extract of Escherichia coli has been reported. A study of the role of monovalent cations in the synthesis of this enzyme as well as alpha-glucosyl transferase (EC 2.4.1.2) shows that potassium ions are required for maximal enzyme production. Examination of the RNA-di...

The effects of methyl jasmonate (MeJA), an elicitor of plant defense mechanisms, on the biosynthesis of diosgenin, a steroidal saponin, were investigated in six fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) varieties (Gujarat Methi-2, Kasuri-1, Kasuri-2, Pusa Early Branching, Rajasthan Methi and Maharashtra Methi-5). Treatment with 0.01% MeJA increased diosgenin levels, in 12 days old seedlings, from 0...

Livers of uninfected guinea pigs and of guinea pigs infected with Coxiella burneti were fractionated into smooth endoplasmic reticulum, rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), pellet, and cell sap fractions. The ribonucleic acid (RNA) and protein of each fraction were determined, and the phosphorylase, glucose-6-phosphatase, and glucosyl transferase (glycogen synthetase) activities of each fraction ...

A gene fusion system was used to study the expression pattern of the Dhn10 gene, encoding the DHN10 dehydrin protein in transgenic Solanum tuberosum plants carrying a combined GT-Dhn10 transgen in which the glucosyl transferase (GT) promoter region was fused to the coding sequence of the Dhn10 gene. Expression of the native Dhn10 gene and the GT-Dhn10 constructs was analysed in regenerated S. t...