Chronic administration of anorexigenic substances to experimental animals by injections or continuous infusion typically produces no effect or a transient reduction in daily food intake and body weight. Our aim was to identify an intermittent dosing strategy for intraperitoneal infusion of salmon calcitonin (sCT), a homolog of amylin that produces a sustained 25-35% reduction in daily food inta...

One hundred and four Belgian Blue double-muscled calves were divided into four groups to examine the effects of different milk replacer (MR) programs. Calves in treatment group 1 received a MR diet reconstituted at 125 g/l, fed at 10 % of their initial live weight in two meals daily. Weaning occurred abruptly at a concentrate intake of 0.5 kg/d. Treatment 2 was similar to treatment 1, except th...

Our objectives were to investigate patterns of food and nutrient consumption in Golestan province, a high-incidence area for esophageal cancer (EC) in northern Iran. Twelve 24-h dietary recalls were administered during a 1-yr period to 131 healthy participants in a pilot cohort study. We compare here nutrient intake in Golestan with recommended daily allowances (RDAs) and lowest threshold intak...

In Japan, the largest source of dioxin is solid waste incineration plants. Because workers employed at these plants handle fly ash and slag contaminated by dioxins, they can take dioxins into the body during work and their health may be adversely effected. This paper describes the dioxin exposure concentration, daily dioxin intake and blood dioxin level in workers employed at municipal incinera...

Lead contamination of seabirds from the use of lead shot in Greenland was studied in thick-billed murre hunted at Nuuk in November 1998. In each bird shot pellets were located and counted using X-ray. The birds were skinned and viscera, head, wings and legs removed, after which the carcass was cooked. The soup and breast meat were then analyzed for lead after removal of visible shot pellets. In...

An audit of 'standard' (STD) and 'energy and protein fortified' (HEHP) meals from Meals on Wheels (MOW) South Australia's summer menu was conducted to evaluate the consistency, and serve size and nutrient contents, of their menu items. Twenty soups, 20 mains and 20 desserts from each of the STD and HEHP menus were prepared at the MOW South Australia's kitchen and delivered to three 'sham(dummy)...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether nutrient intake and academic and psychosocial functioning improve after the start of a universal-free school breakfast program (USBP). METHODS Information was gathered from 97 inner city students prior to the start of a USBP and again after the program had been in place for 6 months. Students who had total energy intakes of <50% of the recommended daily allowanc...

The excessive amounts of cadmium and lead in food chain can cause health problems for humans and ecosystem. Rice is an important food in human diet. Therefore this study was conducted in order to investigate cadmium and Lead concentrations in seed rice (Oryza saliva) of paddy fields in southwest of Iran. A total of 70 rice seed samples were collected from paddy fields in five regions of Khuzest...

OBJECTIVE To summarise the applications and appropriate use of Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) as guidance for nutrition and health research professionals in the dietary assessment of groups and individuals. DESIGN Key points from the Institute of Medicine report, Dietary Reference Intakes: Applications in Dietary Assessment, are summarised in this paper. The different approaches for using D...

Mean daily milk, lactose and energy intakes were measured in groups of South African school pupils of 9-16 years. Recommended dietary allowances (RDA) were not reached by any of the groups. In comparison, groups of Canadian, Nigerian and German schoolchildren of similar ages fell into two categories, namely high milk consumers and low milk consumers. Lactose and energy intakes for high consumer...