Objective: To determine the efficacy of a computerised decision aid in patients with atrial fibrillation making decisions on whether to take warfarin or aspirin therapy. Design: Two-armed open exploratory randomised controlled trial. Setting: Two research clinics deriving participants from general practices in Northeast England. Participants: 109 patients with atrial fibrillation aged over 60. ...

We develop a new approach for decision making with Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence by using uncertain information represented in the form of interval numbers. We suggest the use of different types of uncertain aggregation operators in the problem. Then, we obtain new aggregation operators such as the belief structure uncertain ordered weighted averaging (BSUOWA) operator and the BS uncertain...

Previous studies have shown that people with mild intellectual disabilities have difficulty in 'weighing-up' information, defined as integrating information from two different sources for the purpose of reaching a decision. This was demonstrated in two very different procedures, temporal discounting and a scenario-based financial decision-making task. In the present study, both tasks were prese...

Wilderness First Aid (WFA) Scope of Practice Document v 12/17/12 pg 1 of 9 Introduction People who live, work, travel and recreate in the outdoors have specialized medical training needs not met by traditional first aid programs. They care for patients in remote locations, in challenging weather, with questionable communication and support, limited equipment and the need to make independent dec...

Can economic incentives be used to affect marriage behavior and slow the growth of single-parent families? This paper provides new evidence on the effects of welfare benefit incentives on the marital decisions of poor women. Exogenous variation in welfare program parameters arises from a randomized experiment carried out in California. Whereas previous studies have measured women’s responses to...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the new model of providing care based on demand. This included reconfiguration of the workforce to manage workforce supply challenges and meet demand without compromising the quality of care. DESIGN Currently the Sports Ground Safety Authority recommends the provision of crowd medical cover at English Football League stadia. The guidance on provision of services has foc...

OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of the Diabetes Medication Choice Decision Aid among patients with type 2 diabetes in Greece. DESIGN Open-label cluster randomised controlled trial. SETTING Primary and secondary care practices across Greece. PARTICIPANTS 5 sites allocated to the decision aid (n=101 patients) and 4 sites to control (n=103 patients). INTERVENTION Clinicians and patients i...

BACKGROUND Shared decision-making in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) care is a priority among policy makers, clinicians and patients both nationally and internationally. Demands on patients to have basic knowledge of RA, treatment options, and details of risk and benefit when making medication decisions with clinicians can be overwhelming, especially for those with limited literacy or limited English...

BACKGROUND Comparative effectiveness research (CER) documents important differences in antidepressants in terms of efficacy, safety, cost, and burden to the patient. Decision aids can adapt this evidence to help patients participate in making informed choices. In turn, antidepressant therapy will more likely reflect patients' values and context, leading to improved adherence and mood outcomes. ...

BACKGROUND Empirical prescribing of antibiotics to women with symptoms of acute cystitis prior to culture results is common, but subsequent culture results are often negative. A clinical decision aid for prescribing decisions in acute cystitis was previously developed that could reduce these unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions but has not been validated. This study sought to validate this deci...