In this paper, we provide an overview of important transmission protocols for a certain class of challenged heterogeneous networks commonly termed delayor disruptiontolerant networks (DTN). We outline basic requirements and limitations for these protocols, including the Bundle Protocol and the LTP and Saratoga convergence layer protocols, sketch their respective solution approaches and provide ...

The Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) are especially useful in providing mission critical services including emergency scenarios and battlefield applications. However, DTNs are vulnerable to wormhole attacks, in which a malicious node records the packets at one location and tunnels them to another colluding node, which replays them locally into the network. Wormhole attacks are a severe threat to ...

Mobile wireless networks with intermittent connectivity, often called Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networks (DTNs), have recently received a lot of attention because of their applicability in various applications, including multicasting. To overcome intermittent connectivity, DTN routing protocols utilize mobilityassist routing by letting the nodes carry and forward the data. In this paper, we stu...

Sensor network deployments may be far removed from communications infrastructure such as the Internet. Yet, to be maximally useful, these networks of sensors must ultimately be connected to data storage and analysis facilities. Providing connectivity for such networks may involve exotic and unusual methods of data transfer. In addition, within such networks, problems of intermittent connectivit...

Congestion control is an important feature that directly affects network performance. Network congestion may cause loss of data or long delays. Although this problem has been studied extensively in the Internet, the solutions for Internet congestion control do not apply readily to challenged network environments such as Delay Tolerant Networks (DTN) where end-to-end connectivity may not exist c...

Modern Internet protocols demonstrate inefficient performance in those networks where the connectivity between end nodes has intermittent property due to dynamic topology or resource constraints. Network environments where the nodes are characterized by opportunistic connectivity are referred to as Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs). Because of numerous applications such as low-density mobile ad ho...

Delay-Tolerant Networks (DTNs) have the potential to interconnect devices in regions that current networking technology cannot reach. The idea is that an end-to-end connection may never be present. To make communication possible, intermediate nodes take custody of the data being transferred and forward it as the opportunity arises. Both links and nodes may be inherently unreliable and disconnec...

Tradeoffs between the packet delivery delay and other metrics are a recurring theme in Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs). In this work we study these tradeoffs, first in a general, and then in a more specific, mobile wireless setting. We first develop a general setting in which the packet delivery delay can be traded off with a packet transportation cost that is comprised of a transmission cost an...

The lack of contemporaneous end-to-end paths often characterize mobile computing environments, for which Delay Tolerant Networking is designed. In this work, we present a novel routing protocol using Virtual Repositories to assist in location-based forwarding when the location of a destination node is unknown. We compare the protocol to other existing protocols under two mobility models, Random...

Given a mobility pattern that entails intermittent wireless ad hoc connectivity, what is the best message delivery ratio and latency that can be achieved for a delay-tolerant routing protocol? We address this question by introducing a general scheme for deriving the routing latency distribution for a given mobility trace. Prior work on determining latency distributions has focused on models whe...