BACKGROUND Neck and back pain are common and often account for absenteeism at work. Factors at work as well as fear-avoidance beliefs may influence sick-leave in these patients. The aims of this study were to assess: (1) how sick-listed patients in specialised care perceive demand, control, support, effort, reward, and overcommitment at work compared to a general reference group of workers; (2)...

BACKGROUND Unfavourable working conditions are associated with poor mental health and many studies show that teachers are at risk of this. AIMS To investigate if and to what extent specific dimensions of working conditions are associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety in teachers in state schools in Italy. METHODS A cross-sectional questionnaire survey of Italian state schoolteache...

Introduction The benefit and necessity for prophylactic physiotherapy post operatively remains unclear [1]. Combined with an increased demand on resources, scores to identify those patients who would most benefit are being increasingly used. The SPPOST is a tool to identify patients who are at high risk of developing post-operative pulmonary complications (PPC’s). A previous trial of its implem...

Background & Objective:  Matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) is one of the most important enzymes to breakdown extracellular matrix which plays a major role in tumor invasion and metastasis. This study aimed to determine tumor MMP-9 expression in non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and whethe...

today, the real problem in iran is a supply and demand problem in all aspects of the economy. from skilled and semi- skilled manapower (ssm) perspective, supply and demand are repidly changing but in opposite directions (ellig, 1990). on the demand side, the emphasis is on a skilled and semi- skilled workforce, but on the supply side, entrylevel workers are high school graduates who are functio...

Development of every society is incumbent upon energy sector’s technological and economic effectiveness. The electricity industry is a growing and needs to have a better performance to effectively cover the demand. The industry requires a balance between cost and efficiency through careful design and planning. In this paper, a two-stage stochastic programming model is presented for the design o...