This paper explores the relationship between routine-biased technological change and agglomeration economies. Using administrative data from Netherlands, we first show that in dense areas, jobs are less routine-task intensive (i.e. repetitive automatable), meaning cover a larger spectrum of tasks. We then explore how routine intensity affects urban wage premium. find premium is higher for worke...

This study examined whether two tower tasks-the Cambridge Automated Neuropsychological Test Battery "Stockings of Cambridge" (CANTAB-TOL) and the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS-TOH), are interchangeable for detecting cognitive deficits in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Forty PD patients who met the criteria for this study were assessed with both tasks. The relative contribut...

Previous imaging studies on the brain mechanisms of spatial hearing have mainly focused on sounds varying in the horizontal plane. In this study, we compared activations in human auditory cortex (AC) and adjacent inferior parietal lobule (IPL) to sounds varying in horizontal location, distance, or space (i.e., different rooms). In order to investigate both stimulus-dependent and task-dependent ...

This work studies the problem of improving the effectiveness of computing dependent tasks over the Internet. The distributed system is composed of a reliable server that coordinates the computation of a massive number of unreliable workers. It is known that the server cannot always ensure that the result of a task is correct without computing the task itself. This fact has significant impact on...

Creatine, a natural nutrient found in animal foods, is alleged to be an effective nutritional ergogenic aid to enhance sport or exercise performance. Research suggests that oral creatine monohydrate supplementation may increase total muscle creatine [TCr], including both free creatine [FCr] and phosphocreatine [PCr]. Some, but not all, studies suggest that creatine supplementation may enhance p...

Data on the effects of serotonin reuptake inhibitors on learning and memory processes are not consistent. In the present study, the effects of citalopram, a very potent and completely selective inhibitor of the serotonin reuptake on spatial discrimination in the T-maze and Morris water maze, were assessed in mice and/or rats. Animals received different doses of citalopram (1, 2, 4, 8 or 16 mg/k...

Scheduling precedence-constrained tasks in a distributed real-time system is an NP-hard problem. As a result, the task allocation and scheduling algorithms that use these heuristics do not scale when applied to large distributed systems. In this paper, we propose a novel approach that eliminates inter-task dependencies using shared buffers between dependent tasks. The system correctness, with r...

background: dairy farming work involves frequent use of poor postures. these postures may increase the risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders among dairy workers. objective: to assess postural load during performance of various tasks related to dairy farming. methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted on a dairy farm in iran. in order to assess postural load, tasks related to dairy...

background: reproductive health is an important health topic. there are many challenges in reproductive health and it is necessary to train experts to manage them. the aim of this study was to define the tasks of master of science (msc) graduates in reproductive health through comprehensive needs assessment to establish the course. materials and methods: the study comprised of three steps. in t...