Chitosan-cyclodextrin hybrid nanoparticles (NPs) were obtained by the ionic gelation process in the presence of glutathione (GSH), chosen as a model drug. NPs were characterized by means of transmission electron microscopy and zeta-potential measurements. Furthermore, a detailed X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study was carried out in both conventional and depth-profile modes. The combination ...

Erosion and sedimentation are normal geologic processes which are usually accelerated by irrigating agricultural lands. Of the sediment in irrigation runoff, 70% was removed in a sedimentation pond. Removal efficiency correlated well with flow rate and sediment concentration. Pond design should provide maximum velocity reduction early in pending, allow adequate storage space for the larger part...

cohesive sediment transport remains a complicated subject that hydraulic engineers are frequently faced with in water-related engineering problems. this is primarily affected by the macroscopic aspects of water-sediment system characteristics. in this paper a 1-d mathematical model was developed to be employed in predicting the cohesive sediment transport under simultaneous conditions of erosio...

Depth profiles of oxygen concentration and the redox status of acid-extractable iron were measured in littoral sediment cores of Lake Constance after mechanical removal of surface sediment, mixing, and re-deposition. In undisturbed sediment cores, oxygen penetrated down to 2.9±0.4 mm or 4.6±0.4 mm depth, respectively, after 12 h of incubation in the dark or light; causing a net diffusive flux o...

Blowing dust from summer fallow is a major soil loss and air quality concern in winter wheat (Triricum aesrivum L.) production areas of the inland Pacific Northwest (PNW). The objective of our 3-yr onfarm study in a 286-mm precipitation zone in eastern Washington was to determine the effects of tillage mulch depth during fallow on surface soil roughness, residue retention, seed-zone water stora...

numerical modeling of machining processes is of significance in the parametric analysis and optimization of their performance. in this paper, a finite element-based model of abrasive waterjet (awj) cutting of a ductile material is presented with the help of an explicit, nonlinear finite element method. in this model, both solid-solid interaction and fluid-structure interaction are considered. t...

Soil erosion is one of the most important forms of land degradation that threatens continued and sustained agricultural production in Ghana. The most severely affected areas are the three northern regions especially Upper East Region, where large tracts of land have been destroyed by water erosion leading to soil depth reduction and decline in soil fertility. This study was carried out in Talen...