according to statistics, in 2009 iran’s oil and gas consumption were 1.4 and 3.1 times higher than the world average and during 1998 to 2008 residential sector accounted for 42% of the total energy consumption in the country. as hot-humid climate is the most severe climate across the world, climatic consideration must be incorporated in design of the new dwellings in this area. over the centuri...

In three-dimensional (3-D) cluttered scenes such as foliage, deeper surfaces often are more shadowed and hence darker, and so depth and luminance often have negative covariance. We examined whether the sign of depth-luminance covariance plays a role in depth perception in 3-D clutter. We compared scenes rendered with negative and positive depth-luminance covariance where positive covariance mea...

A data depth is one of the most important concepts of nonparametric multivariate analysis. Several depth functions have been introduced since 1980. The halfspace depth is probably the most popular. This depth function has many desirable properties (they are stated in the general definition of statictical depth function). We show a way of generalization of the halfspace depth finding a broader c...

This paper studies single-image depth perception in the wild, i.e., recovering depth from a single image taken in unconstrained settings. We introduce a new dataset “Depth in the Wild” consisting of images in the wild annotated with relative depth between pairs of random points. We also propose a new algorithm that learns to estimate metric depth using annotations of relative depth. Compared to...

In the last years several direct (i.e. featureless) monocular SLAM approaches have appeared showing impressive semi-dense or dense scene reconstructions. These works have questioned the need of features, in which consolidated SLAM techniques of the last decade were based. In this paper we present a novel feature-based monocular SLAM system that is more robust, gives more accurate camera poses, ...

We report the experiences of semi-professional developers regarding the challenges, tools, and processes within the domain of web application development. The paper summarizes the main problems in web development, characterizes the habits of programmers and concludes with a “developer’s wish list” for improvements to web technologies and tools. The report is based on two independent sources – a...

Methods We used the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention updated guidelines for evaluating public health surveillance system. We conducted a retrospective review of AFP surveillance data between 1st January, 2008 and 31st December, 2014. We conducted in-depth interviews with identified stakeholders. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to Disease Surveillance and Notification O...

The effective level of line formation for spectroscopic absorption lines has long been regarded as a useful parameter for determining average atmospheric values of the quantities involved in line formation. The identity of this parameter has recently been disputed. Here we re-establish the dependence of this parameter on the average depth where photons are absorbed in a semi-infinite atmosphere...

The main reason to study random diffusions is that this class of processes combines two key features of modern probability theory. On the one hand they are semi-martingales so the whole Itô theory of stochastic integration applies, but on the other hand they are also strong Markov processes. The combination of techniques from those two worlds enables us to have an in-depth look at their behavio...