The description of tourism products (hotel, aviation, renta-car and holiday packages) is strongly supported by natural language expressions. Due to tourism dynamics and the extent of its offers, manual data management is not a reliable nor scalable solution: descriptions are structured in different ways, possibly comprising different languages, complementing and/or overlapping one another. This...

The preceding chapter discussed the microscopic, kinetic and two-fluid decsriptions of a plasma. But we would actually like a simpler model — one that would include most of the macroscopic properties of a plasma in a “one-fluid” model. The simplest such model is magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), which is a combination of a one-fluid (hydrodynamic-type plus Lorentz force effects) model for the plasma ...

We improve abcdSAT by a new various scoring Scheme. AbcdSAT is a SAT solver built on the top of Glucose 2.3 [5]. The existing Glucose has no inprocess. Nevertheless, here we add various inprocesses to AbcdSAT. According to the rule of different tracks at the SAT Competition 2017, we develop multple versions of abcdSAT, which are submitted to agile, main, no-limit, incremental library and parall...

Since the pioneering work by Kripke and Montague, the term possible world has appeared in most theories of formal semantics for modal logics, natural languages, and knowledge-based systems. Yet that term obscures many questions about the relationships between the real world, various models of the world, and descriptions of those models in either formal languages or natural languages. Each step ...

A = An excellent paper is distinguished by the following characteristics: The paper has a strong and interesting thesis, persuasively supported with well-chosen and well-analyzed examples. The paper is well organized and well developed, with clear and effective transitions. The writing is clear and lucid, without errors in grammar, spelling or diction. A-= The paper shares the characteristics o...

A fundamental interoperability problem is caused by the semantic heterogeneity of agents’ontologies in open multi-agent systems. In this paper, we propose a formal framework for agents debating over heterogeneous terminologies. For this purpose, we propose an argumentation-based representation framework to manage conflicting descriptions. Moreover, we propose a model for the reasoning of agents...

As a contribution to the metatheory of reasoning about actions, we present some characteristics of the consistency of action theories. Three levels of consistency are investigated for the evaluation of action descriptions: uniform consistency, consistency of formulas and regional consistency. The first two provide an intuitive resolution of problems of explanation conflicts and fluent dependenc...

Conversationally relevant descriptions are definite descriptions that are not merely tools for the identification of a referent, but are also crucial to the discourse in other respects. I analyze the uses of such descriptions in assertions as conveying a particular ~ype of conversational implicatures. Such implicstures can be represented within the framework of possible world semantics. The ana...

Semantic Desktops aim to bring semantic annotations and intelligent reasoning capabilities to computer desktop environments. In several projects under way, researchers bring together theoretical concepts inherent in the semantic web as well as state of the art search and index tools such as Google Desktop. By using semantic desktop environment, researchers envision that users should reason abou...

What happens when the description is improper? A description νΦ is proper if there is exactly-one entity such that Φ [in the relevant situation]; otherwise, it is improper. We propose to treat improper descriptions as non-starters, which vitiate every expression in which they appear. In particular, an improper description is null [i.e., denotes nothing], and every expression in which it appears...