An attribute-based signature (ABS), is a cryptographic scheme where someone can sign message using any kind of predicates verified by the attributes he owns. For such scheme, it expected to be impossible for users collude if none them originally able on his own. The main advantage solution that signer remain anonymous in set fulfilling chosen predicate. It then used authentication instance. In ...

background: in 1999, duzce suffered two consecutive devastating earthquakes above magnitude 7 in august and november. in the present study, we aimed to evaluate the indoor air quality of coffeehouses by determining carbon monoxide (co) levels and their contributing factors in coffeehouses built before and after the earthquake. methods: we conducted our study in 76 turkish coffeehouses in duzce ...

Tobacco advertising, promotion, and sponsorship (TAPS) bans are effective and are increasingly being implemented in a number of venues and countries, yet the state of TAPS in airports and their effect on airport smoking behavior is unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of TAPS in airports across Europe and the US, and to begin to examine the relationship between TAPS...

BACKGROUND Despite efforts to reduce exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS), only 5% of the world's population enjoy smoke-free restaurants and bars. METHODS Lifetime excess risk (LER) of cancer death, ischaemic heart disease (IHD) death and asthma initiation among non-smoking restaurant and bar servers and patrons in Minnesota and the US were estimated using weighted field measurements of SHS co...

background: there are few articles studding the factors associated with successful smoking cessation in iranian smokers. the aim of this study is to clarify the association between socio‑demographic factors and smoking behavior, such as number of failed smoking cessation and duration of abstinence in iranian population. methods: a self‑administered questionnaire survey of 673 participants was c...

Because of the high prevalence of tobacco use in countries of Central and Eastern Europe, public health officials in many of these countries have designated as a priority the prevention of smoking initiation among youth. In 1995, a nationally representative survey in the Republic of Hungary documented that 35.8% of 16-year-old students in that country had smoked cigarettes during the preceding ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate indoor air pollution in hospitality venues in Argentina. MATERIAL AND METHODS PM₂.₅ levels were measured in a convenience sample of venues in 15 cities with different legislative contexts following a protocol developed by Roswell Park Cancer Institute. RESULTS 554 samples were collected. Across all 5 smoke free cities the mean PM₂.₅ level was lower during daytime vs. e...