As a preliminary study of the influence of urban organic matter on the bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), the effect of different types of dissolved organic matter (DOM) on the bioaccumulation of fluoranthene, pyrene, or benzo[a]pyrene in Daphnia magna was studied. Commercial humic substances, DOM from the aeration basin of a wastewater treatment plant, and highly biode...

Major fraction of marine dissolved organic matter (DOM) is biologically recalcitrant, however, the accumulation mechanism of recalcitrant DOM has not been fully understood. Here, we examine the distributions of humic-like fluorescent DOM, factions of recalcitrant DOM, and the level of apparent oxygen utilization in the Japan Sea. We find linear relationships between these parameters for the dee...

In this paper, a methodology is presented for optimum shape design of double-layer grids subject to gravity and earthquake loadings. The design variables are the number of divisions in two directions, the height between two layers and the cross-sectional areas of the structural elements. The objective function is the weight of the structure and the design constraints are some limitations on str...

The influence of water hardness and dissolved organic matter (DOM) on bioavailability of organic chemicals to Daphnia magna was studied by using benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), pyrene, atrazine, and 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (TCB) as model compounds. Two types of DOM were used, namely Lake Kontiolampi, Joensuu, Finland water (KL) and Nordic reference fulvic acid (NoFA) dissolved in artificial freshwa...

24 SWR1-type nucleosome remodeling factors replace histone H2A by variants to endow chromatin lo25 cally with specialized functionality. In Drosophila melanogaster a single H2A variant, H2A.V, com26 bines functions of mammalian H2A.Z and H2A.X in transcription regulation and DNA damage re27 sponse. A major role in H2A.V incorporation for the only SWR1-like enzyme in flies, Domino, is 28 assumed...

Rhizoma Atractylodes macrocephala polysaccharides (RAMP) have been reported to have a variety of important biological activities. In this study, an ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction (UAEE) was employed to obtain the highest extraction yield and strongest antioxidant activity of RAMP and optimized by a multi-response optimization process. A three-level four-factor Box-Behnken design (BBD)...

At the core of any optimization problem is a mathematical model of a system, which could be constructed from physical, economic, behavioral, or statistical principles. The model describes relationships between variables that define the state of the system, and may also place restrictions on the states, in the form of constraints on the variables. The model also includes an objective function, w...