Light-absorbing materials are widely used, and their optical properties an important factor. Snell's law does not hold in that partially absorb light. Hence, the path refraction is calculated from Maxwell's law. We used to obtain deviation angle when a light passes through prism made of light-absorbing material. The has local maximum. near maximum sensitive real imaginary parts refractive index...

The rectangular dielectric waveguide (RDWG) technique has been developed for the determination of the dielectric constant of materials from effective refractive index measurements in the Q and W bands. This paper describes the use of an optimization method in conjunction with the RDWG technique for the determination of both the dielectric constant and loss tangent of materials at Ka-Band. The e...

grain yield loss in rice (oryza sativa l.) caused by blast disease, magnaporthe grisea (hebert) barr, is a major concern of rice growers worldwide. blast is considered as the most injurious disease of rice in iran, resulting in severe loss especially to susceptible rice cultivars. in order to assess yield loss caused by blast pathogen and develop an appropriate model, different disease onsets a...

this study was carried out to investigate the possibility of prediction the occurrence of heat stress in dairy cows and determination of climate critical periods. the most common indexes for estimation the degree of thermal stress istemperature humidity index (thi). in this study yousef’s thi index (1985)was used to analyze the yearly and monthly effects of temperature and humidity. meteorologi...

Let q be an odd prime, m a positive integer, and let Γm(q) be the group generated by two elements x and y subject to the relations x = y = 1 and x = y; that is, Γm(q) is the free product of two cyclic groups of orders 2m respectively qm, amalgamated along their subgroups of order m. Our main result determines the parity behaviour of the generalized subgroup numbers of Γm(q) which were defined i...

Determination of the refractive index of liquids by the interference microscope was made possible by the use of a specially constructed holder for the liquid. This ensures a permanent lateral separation between the reference and the object areas and, as the depth of the object area is continuously increasing, a system of fringes is observed. The spacing of the fringes is a function of the refra...