in recent decades, the theory of sustainable development has been introduced to several strands of science. this theory and its special view to communities (sustainable community development) as the cell of urban life, demonstrates the solution to urban problems by highlighting the meaning of city neighborhoods. in the local scale, it is essential to use a collaborative process of development, ...

A careful analysis of the original definition of formal topology led to the introduction of a new primitive, namely a positivity relation between elements and subsets. This is, in other terms, a direct intuitionistic treatment of the notion of closed subset in formal topology. However, since formal open subsets do not determine formal closed subsets uniquely, the new concept of positivity relat...

In contemporary urban development, to improve the quality of public urban spaces has become one of the most outstanding goals of local urban policies, in order to increase pedestrian activities and people’s social interaction. In this context, to promote outdoor thermal comfort has an utmost importance, especially considering the heat island phenomenon. This paper recalls the use of urban desig...

The aim of this paper is to articulate an approach for discursive research on welfare cultures of ageing that that to understand conditions under which people are ageing in different countries, various societal levels and or are allowed to do so. As a result, this paper indicates the lack of spaces of ageing in the welfare context in Poland. People are expected not to grow old; old age remains ...

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This paper analyses the use of media and material in private homes based on empirical studies in a project on designing interactive domestic environments. Based on the analyses we propose a Domestic Hypermedia infrastructure (DoHM) combining spatial, context-aware and physical hypermedia to support collaborative structuring and ubiquitous presentation of materials in private homes. With DoHM we...

A great variety of languages can be designed by different people for different purposes to operate resource spaces. Two fundamental issues are: can we design more operations in addition to existing operations? and, how many operations are sufficient or necessary? This paper solves these problems by investigating the theoretical basis for determining how complete a selection capability is provid...

For every α < ω1 we establish the existence of a separable Banach space whose Szlenk index is ω and which is universal for all separable Banach spaces whose Szlenkindex does not exceed ω. In order to prove that result we provide an intrinsic characterization of which Banach spaces embed into a space admitting an FDD with upper estimates.