Pharmacosomes are colloidal dispersions of drugs covalently bound to lipids, and may exist as ultrafine vesicular, micellar, or hexagonal aggregates, depending on the chemical structure of drug-lipid complex. It is based on the principle that the drug binds covalently to a lipid where the resulting compound is the carrier and the active compound at the same time. The physicochemical properties ...

Tobacco mosaic virus movement protein (TMV MP) is required to mediate viral spread between plant cells via plasmodesmata. Plasmodesmata are cytoplasmic bridges that connect individual plant cells and ordinarily limit molecular diffusion to small molecules and metabolites with a molecular mass up to 1 kD. Here, we characterize functional properties of Nicotiana clevelandii trichome plasmodesmata...

Modulated fringe pattern photobleaching (MFPP) was used to measure the translational diffusion of microinjected fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled proteins of different sizes in the cytoplasm of cultured muscle cells. This technique, which is an extension of the classical fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) technique, allows the measurement of the translational diffusion of...

In mosquito larvae, the peritrophic matrix (PM) separates the gut contents from the intestinal epithelium. This report describes a new in vivo assay for estimating PM permeability. The assay also allows for assessment of the permeability of the caecal membrane, a structure that separates each caecum from the gut lumen. Permeability was estimated by the appearance of fluorescently-labeled dextra...

We made direct measurements of pregiomerular, glomerular, and postglomerular pressures and flows before and during intra-aortic infusion of a mildly vasodepressor dose of histamine in 20 Munich-Wistar rats. As with whole kidney GFR, single nephron (SN) GFR remained unchanged during histamine infusion, despite significant mean increases in total renal and glomerular plasma flow (QA) rates, as we...

PURPOSE Trabecular meshwork (TM) bypass surgeries attempt to enhance aqueous humor outflow (AHO) to lower intraocular pressure (IOP). While TM bypass results are promising, inconsistent success is seen. One hypothesis for this variability rests upon segmental (non-360 degrees uniform) AHO. We describe aqueous angiography as a real-time and physiologic AHO imaging technique in model eyes as a wa...