BACKGROUND Rising prevalence of childhood obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an emerging public health issue. OBJECTIVES To investigate the association of maternal hyperglycemia exposure during pregnancy with obesity and abnormal glucose tolerance in offspring, and the age at occurrence. METHODS We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE for observational studies on obesity and diabetes in ...

Rationale: Fetuses that develop in diabetic mothers have a higher incidence of birth defects that include cardiovascular defects, but the signaling pathways that mediate these developmental effects are poorly understood. It is reasonable to hypothesize that diabetic maternal effects are mediated by 1 or more pathways activated downstream of aberrant glucose metabolism, because poorly controlled...

Objective. The purpose of this study is to identify the incidence rate 'refer' result in neonates born diabetic mothers and determine association maternal diabetes initial result.
 Methods. This was a retrospective cross-sectional which included who had hearing screening test using transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) on both ears at Philippine General Hospital Ear unit during th...

Background: Infants of Diabetic Mothers (IDMs) are at known risk for the development hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Echocardiography is essential diagnosis HCM, to assess left ventricular function, and degree ventricle obstruction, rule out structural cardiac malformations.
 Objective: To study association maternal third-trimester glycemic level with HCM in IDMs.
 Study Design: Ob...

Neonatal hypoglycaemia (blood glucose smaller than 20 mg/100 ml) occurred in the first 6 hours of life in 25 of 34 infants born to diabetic mothers receiving insulin. Despite severe hypoglycaemia (blood glucose smaller than 10 mg/100 ml) in 17, clinical features of hypoglycaemia were absent in all but 2. Hypoglycaemia was not related either to the level of plasma insulin in cord blood, determin...